Iindaba - iiCables zeMoto eziPhezulu zoMbane: Intliziyo yeZithuthi zoMbane ezizayo?

Intshayelelo

Njengoko ihlabathi lijikeleza kwizisombululo zothutho ezicocekileyo nezizinzileyo, izithuthi zombane (EVs) ziye zaba phambili kolu tshintsho. Embindini wezi zithuthi zihamba phambili kukho icandelo elibalulekileyo: iintambo zombane ophezulu wombane. Ezi ntambo azikho nje enye inxalenye ye-EV ecosystem-ziyimithambo eyenza intliziyo yesithuthi sombane. Iintambo zemoto zombane ophezulu zibalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukusebenza kakuhle, ukhuseleko, kunye nokuthembeka kwii-EVs, zibenza babe ngumqhubi ophambili kwikamva lezothutho.

1. Ukuqonda iiCables ze-Automotive High Voltage

Inkcazo kunye nesishwankathelo

Iintambo zombane eziphezulu zombane ziyilelwe ngokukodwa ukujongana neemfuno zombane eziphezulu zezithuthi zombane. Ngokungafaniyo neentambo zamandla ombane aphantsi asetyenziswa kwiimoto zesiqhelo ze-injini (i-ICE), ezi ntambo kufuneka zinyamezele imithwalo yombane ephezulu, eqala ukusuka kwi-300 ukuya kwi-1000 volts okanye ngaphezulu, ngokuxhomekeke kuyilo lwesithuthi. Umahluko ophambili phakathi kweentambo zombane ophezulu kunye neentambo zombane ophantsi ubandakanya imfuno yokongezwa kwe-insulation, ukukhuselwa okuqinileyo, kunye nokukwazi ukuhambisa amandla ngaphandle kokulahleka okukhulu kwamandla.

IiNgcaciso zobuGcisa

Iintambo zombane eziphakamileyo zemoto zenziwe ngobunjineli ukuze zihlangabezane neemfuno ezingqongqo zobuchwephesha. Ngokuqhelekileyo zisebenza kuluhlu lwamandla ombane angama-300V ukuya kwi-1000V DC, nangona ezinye iinkqubo ezihambele phambili zinokufuna amandla ombane aphezulu. Ezi ntambo zakhiwe kwizinto ezifana ne-polyethylene edibeneyo (i-XLPE), ebonelela ngokugqwesileyo kunye nokumelana nobushushu. I-insulation isoloko idibaniswa kunye ne-aluminium okanye i-conductors yethusi, iqinisekisa ukuhanjiswa okuphezulu kunye nokuchasana okuncinci.

Imigangatho eqhelekileyo kunye neziqinisekiso zezi ntambo ziquka i-ISO 6722 kunye ne-LV 112, eqinisekisa ukuba iintambo zihlangabezana neendlela ezingqongqo zokhuseleko kunye nokusebenza. Le migangatho igubungela imiba efana nokuxhathisa ubushushu, ukuba bhetyebhetye, ukubuyiswa komlilo, kunye nokuhambelana kwe-electromagnetic (EMC).

2. Indima yeeCables eziPhezulu zoMbane kwiZithuthi zoMbane

Ukuhanjiswa kwamandla

Iintambo zamandla ombane aphezulu zibalulekile kuthungelwano lwamandla olufanelekileyo kwisithuthi sombane. Badibanisa izinto eziphambili, ezifana neepakethi zebhetri, ii-inverters, kunye neenjini zombane, ziqinisekisa ukuba amandla ombane ahamba kakuhle ukusuka kumthombo ukuya kwinkqubo yokuqhubela phambili. Ukukwazi kwezi ntambo zokulawula amandla ombane aphezulu kubalulekile ekusebenzeni kunye noluhlu lwesithuthi, njengoko kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo indlela ahanjiswa ngayo amandla ngokufanelekileyo.

Iingqwalasela zoKhuseleko

Ukhuseleko yeyona nto iphambili ekuyilweni kweentambo zombane wemoto. Ezi ntambo kufuneka zifakwe kakuhle kwaye zikhuseleke ukuthintela imiba efana neesekethe ezimfutshane, ukuphazamiseka kwe-electromagnetic interference (EMI), kunye neengozi ze-thermal. Izinto ezikumgangatho ophezulu zokugquma, ezifana ne-XLPE, zisetyenziselwa ukumelana nobushushu obugqithisileyo kunye noxinzelelo lomatshini. Ukongezelela, ukukhusela kubalulekile ukukhusela kwi-EMI, enokuphazamisa iinkqubo ze-elektroniki zesithuthi.

Imiba eSebenzayo

Ukusebenza kakuhle kokudluliselwa kwamandla kwii-EV kuphenjelelwa kakhulu ngumgangatho kunye noyilo lweentambo zombane ophezulu. Ezi ntambo zenzelwe ukunciphisa ilahleko yamandla ngexesha lokuhanjiswa, okuyimfuneko ekugcineni ukusebenza kakuhle kwesithuthi. Ngokulungisa i-conductivity yentambo kunye nokunciphisa ukuxhathisa, abavelisi banokuphucula ukusebenza kwesithuthi, befaka igalelo kuluhlu olude lokuqhuba kunye nokusetyenziswa okungcono kwamandla.

3. Ukuqhubela phambili kwi-High Voltage Cable Technology

Izinto ezintsha ezintsha

Uphuculo lwamva nje lwezixhobo luphucule kakhulu ukusebenza kweentambo zombane wemoto. Ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezilula, eziphakamileyo zinciphise ubunzima obupheleleyo beentambo, ezinegalelo ekusebenzeni kakuhle kwesithuthi. Ukongezelela, ukuphuhliswa kwezixhobo eziphezulu zokushisa kunye ne-flame-retardant ziqinisekisa ukuba ezi ntambo ziyakwazi ukumelana neemeko zokusebenza ezinzima ngaphakathi kwe-EV.

Uphuculo loyilo

Uyilo lokuyila lukhokelele ekudalweni kweentambo ezixineneyo neziguquguqukayo zamandla ombane aphezulu. Ezi ntambo ziyakwazi ukuhanjiswa kwiindawo ezixineneyo ngaphakathi kwesithuthi, nto leyo evumela ukusetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo kwendawo. Ngaphezu koko, ukudityaniswa kobuchwepheshe be-smart kuyilo lwekhebula kuye kwavumela ukubeka iliso ngexesha langempela kunye nokuxilongwa, ukubonelela ngedatha ebalulekileyo ekusebenzeni kwentambo kunye nemiba enokubakho.

Ukuqwalaselwa kokusingqongileyo

Njengoko ishishini leemoto ligxile ekuzinzeni, impembelelo yokusingqongileyo yokuveliswa kweentambo zombane ophezulu kunye nokulahlwa kuye kwaqwalaselwa. Bayanda abavelisi besebenzisa imathiriyeli ezinzileyo kwaye bamkela iindlela zokurisayikilisha ukunciphisa inkunkuma. Ezi nzame azikho nje igalelo kwinkqubo yokuvelisa uhlaza kodwa zikwalungelelanisa neenjongo ezibanzi zokunciphisa ubume bendawo yezithuthi zombane.

4. IiCables eziPhezulu zoMbane kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeeThuthi zoMbane

Iimoto zoMbane zebhetri (BEVs)

Kwii-BEVs, iintambo zombane ophezulu zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekudibaniseni ibhetri kwimoto yombane kunye nezinye izinto ezinamandla amakhulu. Imiceli mngeni ethile kwii-BEVs ibandakanya ukulawula imithwalo yamandla aphezulu ngelixa uqinisekisa ukuba iintambo zihlala zomelele kwaye zisebenza kakuhle kubo bonke ubomi besithuthi.

I-plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEVs)

Ii-PHEVs zifuna iintambo zombane ophezulu ezinokujongana nemithombo yamandla amabini esithuthi: injini yokutsha yangaphakathi kunye nemoto yombane. Ezi ntambo kufuneka ziguquguquke ngokwaneleyo ukuze zitshintshe phakathi kwemithombo yamandla ngaphandle komthungo, ngelixa zikwalawula iimfuno eziphezulu zombane zenkqubo yomxube.

Izithuthi zoMbane zoRhwebo kunye nezinzima

Izithuthi zombane ezithengiswayo nezinzima, ezinjengeebhasi, iilori, noomatshini bemizi-mveliso, zifuna nangakumbi kwiintambo zamandla ombane aphezulu. Ezi zithuthi zifuna iintambo ezikwaziyo ukusingatha imithwalo yamandla emikhulu kumgama omde, ngelixa zikwanamandla ngokwaneleyo ukuba zimelane nemekobume efunekayo apho ezi zithuthi zisebenza khona.

5. Imingeni kunye neeNdlela zexesha elizayo

Imingeni yangoku

Omnye wemiceli mngeni ephambili kuyilo lwentambo zombane ophezulu kukuphatha imithwalo yamandla ephezulu kuyilo lwemoto oluxineneyo. Njengoko ii-EVs zihambela phambili ngakumbi, kukho imfuneko yokulinganisa iindleko, ukuqina, kunye nokusebenza kwezi ntambo. Ukuqinisekisa ukuba iintambo zinokusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo kwiindawo ezixineneyo, apho ukukhutshwa kobushushu kunye nokuphazamiseka kwe-electromagnetic kunokuba yingxaki, ngomnye umngeni oqhubekayo.

Iindlela ezisakhulayo

Iintambo zamandla ombane aphezulu ziphambili kwiindlela ezininzi ezivelayo kwishishini le-EV. Ubuchwephesha bokutshaja ngokukhawuleza, obufuna iintambo ezikwaziyo ukuphatha amanqanaba ombane aphezulu kakhulu ngexesha elifutshane, ziqhuba izinto ezintsha kuyilo lwentambo. Ukongeza, ukubanakho ukuhanjiswa kwamandla ngaphandle kwamacingo, nangona kukwinqanaba lokuqala, kunokuguqula iimfuno zentambo kwixesha elizayo. Ukutshintshela kwiinkqubo zamandla ombane aphezulu, ezinje ngoyilo lwe-800V, yenye intsingiselo ethembisa ukwandisa ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokusebenza kwee-EV zesizukulwana esilandelayo.

Ukuqukumbela

Iintambo zombane wemoto ziyinxalenye eyimfuneko ekuveleni kwezithuthi zombane. Indima yabo ekuhanjisweni kwamandla, ukhuseleko, kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kubenza babe sisiseko soyilo lwe-EV yanamhlanje. Njengoko ishishini liqhubeka nokwenza izinto ezintsha, uphuhliso oluqhubekayo lwetekhnoloji yentambo yombane ophezulu luya kubaluleka ekwamkelweni okubanzi kunye nempumelelo yezithuthi zombane.

Bizela esenzweni

Kwabo banomdla wokufunda ngakumbi malunga neentambo zombane ophezulu wombane wemoto okanye ukukhangela izisombululo ezilungiselelweyo zoyilo lwe-EV kunye nokuveliswa, cinga ukufikelela kwiingcali zeshishini. Ukuqonda ukuntsonkotha kwezi ntambo kunokubonelela ngomda wokukhuphisana kwimarike yezithuthi zombane ezikhula ngokukhawuleza.