1.Yintoni intambo yeSola?
Iintambo zelanga zisetyenziselwa ukuhanjiswa kwamandla. Zisetyenziswa kwicala le-DC lezikhululo zamandla elanga. Zineempawu ezinkulu zomzimba. Ezi ziquka ukuchasana nokushisa okuphezulu kunye nokuphantsi. Kwakhona, kwimitha ye-UV, amanzi, isitshizi setyuwa, iiasidi ezibuthathaka, kunye neealkali ezibuthathaka. Kananjalo ziyakwazi ukumelana nokwaluphala namadangatye.
Iintambo ze-Photovoltaic nazo zikhethekileyo iintambo zeSolar. Zisetyenziswa ikakhulu kwiimeko zemozulu ezinzima. Iimodeli eziqhelekileyo ziquka i-PV1-F kunye ne-H1Z2Z2-K.Danyang Winpowerngumvelisi wentambo zelanga
Iintambo zelanga zihlala zikwilanga. Iinkqubo zamandla elanga zihlala phantsi kweemeko ezinzima. Bajongene nobushushu obuphezulu kunye nemitha ye-UV. EYurophu, iintsuku ezinelanga ziya kubangela ukuba iqondo lobushushu kwindawo yeenkqubo zamandla elanga lifike kwi-100°C.
Iintambo ze-Photovoltaic ziyintambo edibeneyo efakwe kwiimodyuli zeeseli zelanga. Inokhuselo lokugquma kunye neefom ezimbini. Iifom zi-single-core kunye ne-double-core. Iingcingo zenziwe ngentsimbi.
Inokuthutha amandla ombane kwiisekethe zeeseli zelanga. Oku kuvumela iiseli ukuba zenze iinkqubo zamandla.
2. Imathiriyeli yemveliso:
I-1) I-Conductor: ucingo olufakwe kwi-copper
2) Izinto zangaphandle: I-XLPE (eyaziwa nangokuthi: i-polyethylene edibeneyo) yinto ekhuselayo.
3. Ulwakhiwo:
1) Ngokuqhelekileyo ubhedu olusulungekileyo okanye i-conductor yobhedu enkonkxiweyo isetyenziswa
2) Ukugquma kwangaphakathi kunye ne-sheath yangaphandle yokugquma ziindidi ezi-2
4. Iimpawu:
1) Ubungakanani obuncinci kunye nobunzima obulula, ukonga amandla kunye nokukhuselwa kwendalo.
2) Iimpawu ezilungileyo zomatshini kunye nokuzinza kweekhemikhali, umthamo omkhulu wokuthwala ngoku;
3) Ubungakanani obuncinci, ubunzima obulula kunye neendleko eziphantsi kunezinye iintambo ezifanayo;
4) Ine: ukuxhathisa umhlwa okulungileyo, ukumelana nobushushu obuphezulu, kunye nokumelana ne-asidi kunye ne-alkali. Ikwanayo nokumelana nokunxiba kwaye ayichithwanga ngumswakama. Ingasetyenziswa kwindawo ezonakalisayo. Inokusebenza kakuhle kokuchasana nokuguga, kunye nobomi benkonzo ende.
5) Ixabiso eliphantsi. Ingasetyenziswa kugutyulo, kumanzi emvula, nakwimitha ye-UV. Isenokusetyenziswa nakweminye imithombo yeendaba eyomeleleyo, enjengeeasidi kunye neealkali.
Iintambo ze-Photovoltaic zinesakhiwo esilula. Basebenzisa i-irradiated polyolefin insulation. Esi sixhobo sinobushushu obubalaseleyo, ukubanda, ioyile, kunye nokumelana ne-UV. Ingasetyenziswa kwiimeko ezinzima zokusingqongileyo. Kwangaxeshanye, inamandla athile okuqina. Iyakwazi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zamandla elanga kwixesha elitsha.
5. Izinto eziluncedo
Umqhubi uyaxhathisa ukubola. Yenziwe ngetoti yocingo oluthambileyo lobhedu, oluxhathisa umhlwa kakuhle.
I-insulation yenziwe ngezinto ezikwazi ukumelana nokubanda, umsi ophantsi, i-halogen-free. Inokumelana no -40 ℃ kwaye inokumelana nokubanda okuhle.
3) Ixhathisa ukushisa okuphezulu. I-sheath yenziwe nge-heat-resistant, umsi ophantsi, i-halogen-free material. Iyakwazi ukumelana namaqondo obushushu ukuya kuthi ga kwi-120℃ kwaye inokumelana nobushushu obuphezulu.
Emva kokukhanya, ukugquma kwentambo kuzuza ezinye iimpawu. Ezi ziquka ukuba anti-UV, ukumelana neoli, kunye nokuphila ixesha elide.
6. Iimpawu:
Iimpawu zekhebula zivela kwi-insulation ekhethekileyo kunye nezixhobo ze-sheath. Sizibiza ngokuba yi-PE edibeneyo. Emva kwe-irradiation yi-accelerator, i-cable material ye-molecular structure iya kutshintsha. Oku kuya kuphucula ukusebenza kwayo kuzo zonke iindlela.
Ikhebula lixhathisa imithwalo yomatshini. Ngethuba lokufakela kunye nokugcinwa, kunokuqhutyelwa kwinqanaba elibukhali lesakhiwo seenkwenkwezi. Intambo kufuneka imelane noxinzelelo, ukugoba, uxinzelelo, imithwalo enqamlezayo, kunye neempembelelo ezinamandla.
Ukuba i-cable sheath ayinamandla ngokwaneleyo, iya konakalisa i-cable insulation. Oku kuya kunciphisa ubomi bentambo okanye kubangele iingxaki ezifana neesekethe ezimfutshane, umlilo, kunye nokwenzakala.
7. Iimpawu:
Ukhuseleko luluncedo olukhulu. Iintambo zinokuhambelana kakuhle kwe-electromagnetic kunye namandla aphezulu ombane. Banokuphatha amandla ombane aphezulu kunye namaqondo obushushu aphezulu, kwaye baxhathise ukuguga kwemozulu. Ukugquma kwabo kuzinzile kwaye kuthembekile. Iqinisekisa ukuba amanqanaba e-AC alungelelaniswa phakathi kwezixhobo kwaye ahlangabezana neemfuno zokhuseleko.
I-2) Iintambo ze-Photovoltaic zineendleko zokuhambisa amandla. Zigcina amandla amaninzi kuneentambo zePVC. Bayakwazi ukubona umonakalo wenkqubo ngokukhawuleza nangokuchanekileyo. Oku kuphucula ukhuseleko lwenkqubo kunye nokuzinza kunye nokunciphisa iindleko zokugcina.
I-3) Ufakelo olulula: Iintambo ze-PV zinendawo egudileyo. Zilula ukwahlula kunye nokuplaga ngaphakathi nangaphandle. Ziyakwazi ukuguquguquka kwaye kulula ukuzifaka. Oku kwenza kube lula ukuba abafakeli basebenze ngokukhawuleza. Ziyakwazi ukulungelelaniswa kwaye zisekwe. Oku kuphucule kakhulu indawo phakathi kwezixhobo kunye nendawo egciniweyo.
I-4) Izinto eziluhlaza zeentambo ze-photovoltaic zilandela imithetho yokukhusela indalo. Badibana nezalathi zezinto eziphathekayo kunye neefomula zabo. Ngethuba lokusetyenziswa kunye nokufakwa, nayiphi na i-toxins ekhutshweyo kunye ne-exhaust gases ihlangabezana nemithetho yokusingqongileyo.
8. Ukusebenza (ukusebenza kombane)
I-1) Ukuxhatshazwa kwe-DC: Ukuxhatshazwa kwe-DC ye-core conductive yentambo egqityiweyo kwi-20 ° C ayikho enkulu kune-5.09Ω / km.
2) Uvavanyo lolwamandla ombane wokuntywiliselwa emanzini. Intambo egqityiweyo (20m) ifakwa (20±5)℃ emanzini i-1h. Emva koko, ivavanywa ngovavanyo lombane lwe-5min (AC 6.5kV okanye i-DC 15kV) ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka.
Isampulu imelana nombane we-DC ixesha elide. Imalunga ne-5m ubude nakumanzi adiyiweyo ane-3% NaCl ku-(85±2)℃ nge-(240±2)h. Zombini iziphelo zisesichengeni samanzi kangange 30cm.
Umbane we-0.9kV DC usetyenziswa phakathi kondoqo kunye namanzi. Undoqo uqhuba umbane. Idityaniswe kwipali evumayo. Amanzi adityaniswe kwipali engafanelekanga.
Emva kokuthatha isampuli, benza uvavanyo lwamandla ombane wokuntywiliselwa emanzini. Umbane wovavanyo yi-AC
I-4) Ukuxhatshazwa kwe-insulation ye-cable egqityiweyo kwi-20℃ ayikho ngaphantsi kwe-1014Ω · cm. Kwi-90℃, ayikho ngaphantsi kwe-1011Ω·cm.
5) I-sheath inokumelana nomphezulu. Kufuneka ubuncinane 109Ω.
9. Izicelo
Iintambo ze-Photovoltaic zihlala zisetyenziswa kwiifama zomoya. Banikezela ngamandla kunye ne-interfaces ye-photovoltaic kunye nezixhobo zamandla omoya.
2) Ukusetyenziswa kwamandla elanga kusebenzisa iintambo ze-photovoltaic. Badibanisa iimodyuli zeeseli zelanga, ukuqokelela amandla elanga, kunye nokuhambisa amandla ngokukhuselekileyo. Bakwaphucula ukusebenza kakuhle konikezelo lwamandla.
I-3) Izicelo zesikhululo samandla: Iintambo ze-Photovoltaic zinokudibanisa izixhobo zamandla apho. Baqokelela amandla avelisiweyo kwaye bagcina umgangatho wamandla uzinzile. Bakwacutha iindleko zokuvelisa umbane kunye nokunyusa ukusebenza kobonelelo lwamandla.
I-4) Iintambo ze-Photovoltaic zinezinye izinto ezisetyenziswayo. Badibanisa ii-trackers zelanga, ii-inverters, iipaneli kunye nezibane. Iteknoloji yenza lula iintambo. Kubalulekile kuyilo oluthe nkqo. Oku kunokonga ixesha nokuphucula umsebenzi.
10. Ubungakanani bokusetyenziswa
Isetyenziselwa izikhululo zamandla elanga okanye izibonelelo zelanga. Yenzelwe iingcingo zezixhobo kunye noqhagamshelo. Inezakhono ezinamandla kunye nokumelana nemozulu. Ilungile ukuba isetyenziswe kwiindawo ezininzi zezikhululo zamandla kwihlabathi jikelele.
Njengentambo yezixhobo zelanga, inokusetyenziswa ngaphandle kwimozulu eyahlukileyo. Isenokusebenza nakwizithuba zangaphakathi ezomileyo nezifumileyo.
Le mveliso yenzelwe iintambo ezithambileyo ezinondoqo omnye. Zisetyenziswa kwicala leCD leenkqubo zelanga. Iisistim zinomthamo omkhulu wombane we-DC we-1.8kV (umbindi ukuya kumbindi, ongenasiseko). Oku kunjengokuba kuchaziwe kwi-2PfG 1169/08.2007.
Le mveliso yeyokusetyenziswa kwinqanaba lokhuseleko lweClass II. Intambo ingasebenza ukuya kuthi ga kwi-90℃. Kwaye, ungasebenzisa iintambo ezininzi ngokuhambelanayo.
11. Iimpawu eziphambili
1) Inokusetyenziswa phantsi kokukhanya kwelanga
2) Ubushushu obusebenzayo be-ambient -40℃~+90℃
3) Ubomi benkonzo kufuneka bube ngaphezu kweminyaka engama-20
4) Ngaphandle kwe-62930 IEC 133/134, ezinye iintlobo zeentambo zenziwe nge-pololefin e-flame-retardant. Zinomsi ophantsi kunye ne-halogen-free.
12. Iintlobo:
Kwinkqubo yezikhululo zamandla elanga, iintambo zohlulwe zibe ziintambo ze-DC kunye ne-AC. Ngokubhekiselele kusetyenziso olwahlukeneyo kunye nokusingqongileyo, zihlelwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
Iintambo zeDC zisetyenziswa kakhulu:
1) Ukudibanisa uchungechunge phakathi kwamacandelo;
Uqhagamshelwano luyahambelana. Iphakathi kweentambo naphakathi kweentambo kunye neebhokisi zokuhambisa ze-DC (iibhokisi zokudibanisa).
3) Phakathi kweebhokisi zokuhambisa ze-DC kunye ne-inverters.
Iintambo ze-AC zisetyenziselwa kakhulu:
1) Ukudibanisa phakathi kwee-inverters kunye ne-step-up transformers;
2) Ukudibanisa phakathi kweenguqu ze-step-up kunye nezixhobo zokusabalalisa;
3) Uqhagamshelwano phakathi kwezixhobo zokusasaza kunye neegridi zamandla okanye abasebenzisi.
13. Izinto eziluncedo nezingeloncedo
1) Izinto eziluncedo:
a. Umgangatho othembekileyo kunye nokukhuselwa kokusingqongileyo okulungileyo;
b. Uluhlu olubanzi lwesicelo kunye nokhuseleko oluphezulu;
c. Kulula ukuyifaka kunye noqoqosho;
d. Ukulahleka kwamandla okuhanjiswa okuphantsi kunye nokunciphisa umqondiso omncinci.
2) Izinto ezingeloncedo:
a. Iimfuno ezithile zokuguquguquka kokusingqongileyo;
b. Iindleko eziphezulu kunye nexabiso eliphakathi;
c. Ubomi benkonzo emfutshane kunye nokuqina ngokubanzi.
Ngamafutshane, intambo ye-photovoltaic iluncedo kakhulu. Yeyokuhambisa, ukudibanisa, kunye nokulawula iinkqubo zamandla. Ithembekile, incinci, kwaye inexabiso eliphantsi. Ukuhanjiswa kwamandla ayo kuzinzile. Kulula ukuyifaka kunye nokugcina. Ukusetyenziswa kwayo kusebenza ngakumbi kwaye kukhuselekile kunocingo lwePVC ngenxa yokusingqongileyo kunye nokuhanjiswa kwamandla.
14. Izilumkiso
Iintambo ze-Photovoltaic akufanele zibekwe phezulu. Ziyakwazi ukuba, ukuba umaleko wesinyithi wongezwa.
Iintambo ze-Photovoltaic aziyi kuba semanzini ixesha elide. Kufuneka zigcinwe ngaphandle kweendawo ezifumileyo ngezizathu zomsebenzi.
3) Iintambo ze-Photovoltaic aziyi kungcwatywa ngokuthe ngqo emhlabeni.
I-4) Sebenzisa izixhumi ezikhethekileyo ze-photovoltaic kwiintambo ze-photovoltaic. Iingcali zombane kufuneka zizifakele.
15. Iimfuno:
I-low-voltage DC transmission cables kwiinkqubo zelanga zineemfuno ezahlukeneyo. Ziyahluka ngokusetyenziswa kwecandelo kunye neemfuno zobugcisa. Izinto ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe kukugquma kwentambo, ukumelana nobushushu, kunye nokumelana nomlilo. Kwakhona, ukuguga okuphezulu kunye nedayimitha yocingo.
iintambo DC ubukhulu becala zibekwe ngaphandle. Kufuneka zibe bubungqina obuchasene nokufuma, ilanga, ukubanda, kunye ne-UV. Ngoko ke, iintambo ze-DC kwiinkqubo ze-photovoltaic ezisasazwayo zisebenzisa iintambo ezikhethekileyo. Banesiqinisekiso se-photovoltaic.
Olu hlobo lokudibanisa intambo lusebenzisa i-sheath ye-insulation ephindwe kabini. Inokumelana ne-UV, amanzi, i-ozone, iasidi kunye netyuwa. Ikwanesakhono esikhulu semozulu yonke kunye nokumelana nokunxiba.
Qwalasela iziqhagamshelo zeDC kunye nemveliso yangoku yeepaneli zePV. Iintambo ze-PV DC ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo ziyi-PV1-F1*4mm2, PV1-F1*6mm2, njl.
16. Ukhetho:
Iintambo zisetyenziswa kwi-low-voltage DC inxalenye yenkqubo yelanga. Zineemfuno ezahlukeneyo. Oku kungenxa yomahluko kwimo engqongileyo yokusetyenziswa. Kwakhona, iimfuno zobugcisa zokudibanisa amacandelo ahlukeneyo. Kufuneka uqwalasele izinto ezimbalwa. Ezi zezi: ukugqunywa kwentambo, ukumelana nobushushu, ukuxhathisa idangatye, ukuguga, kunye nedayamitha yocingo.
Iimfuno ezikhethekileyo zezi zilandelayo:
Ikhebula phakathi kweemodyuli zeeseli zelanga ngokuqhelekileyo ziqhagamshelwe ngokuthe ngqo. Basebenzisa intambo encanyathiselwe kwibhokisi yokuhlangana yemodyuli. Xa ubude bunganelanga, ikhebula elikhethekileyo lokwandisa lingasetyenziswa.
Intambo ineenkcukacha ezintathu. Zezemodyuli zobukhulu obahlukeneyo bamandla. Zinendawo enqamlezayo ye-2.5m㎡, 4.0m㎡, kunye ne-6.0m㎡.
Olu hlobo lwekhebula lusebenzisa i-sheath ye-insulation ephindwe kabini. Ixhathisa imitha ye-ultraviolet, amanzi, i-ozone, i-asidi kunye netyuwa. Isebenza kakuhle kuyo yonke imozulu kwaye ayinxibi.
Intambo idibanisa ibhetri kwi-inverter. Ifuna iingcingo ezininzi ezithambileyo eziphumelele uvavanyo lwe-UL. Iingcingo kufuneka zidityaniswe ngokusondeleyo kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Ukukhetha iintambo ezimfutshane nezingqindilili kunokunciphisa ilahleko yenkqubo. Kwakhona kunokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokuthembeka.
Intambo idibanisa uluhlu lwebhetri kwisilawuli okanye kwibhokisi ye-DC junction. Kufuneka isebenzise ucingo oluthambileyo oluvavanyiweyo lwe-UL, olunemicu emininzi. Indawo enqamlezileyo yocingo ilandela ubuninzi bemveliso yangoku.
Indawo ye-DC cable isekwe ngokusekelwe kule migaqo. Ezi ntambo zidibanisa iimodyuli zeeseli zelanga, iibhetri, kunye nemithwalo ye-AC. Ireyithingi yangoku yi-1.25 amaxesha abo asebenzayo ngoku. Iintambo zihamba phakathi koluhlu lwelanga, amaqela ebhetri, kunye nee-inverters. Intambo yokulinganisa yangoku yi-1.5 ngokuphinda-phinda ubukhulu bayo bokusebenza ngoku.
17. Ukukhethwa kweentambo ze-photovoltaic:
Kwiimeko ezininzi, iintambo ze-DC kwizikhululo zamandla ze-photovoltaic zenzelwe ukusetyenziswa kwexesha elide ngaphandle. Iimeko zokwakha zinciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwezihlanganisi. Zisetyenziswa ikakhulu uqhagamshelo lwentambo. Izinto zomqhubi wekhebula zinokwahlulwa zibe yintsimbi yobhedu kunye ne-aluminium core.
Iintambo ezingundoqo ze-Copper zine-antioxidants eninzi kune-aluminium. Zikwahlala ixesha elide, zizinzile, kwaye zine-voltage encinci yehla kunye nokulahleka kwamandla. Ekwakhiweni, i-copper cores iguquguqukayo. Bavumela ukugoba okuncinci, ngoko kulula ukujika kunye nentambo. Iintsimbi zobhedu zixhathisa ukudinwa. Azophuka lula emva kokugoba. Ngoko ke, i-wiring ilungile. Ngexesha elifanayo, i-copper cores yomelele kwaye inokumelana noxinzelelo oluphezulu. Oku kwenza ulwakhiwo lube lula kwaye luvumela ukuba kusetyenziswe oomatshini.
Iintambo ze-aluminiyam ezingundoqo zahlukile. Baqhelene ne-oxidation ngexesha lofakelo ngenxa yeempawu zeekhemikhali ze-aluminium. Oku kwenzeka ngenxa ye-creep, ipropathi ye-aluminiyam enokubangela ukusilela ngokulula.
Ke ngoko, iintambo ze-aluminiyam ezingundoqo zingabizi kakhulu. Kodwa, ngenxa yokhuseleko kunye nokusebenza okuzinzile, sebenzisa iintambo ezingundoqo zethusi kwiiprojekthi ze-photovoltaic.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jul-22-2024