Yintoni ekufuneka uyazi malunga ne-EV yokuTshaja iziQhagamshelwano

Izihlanganisi zokutshaja ii-EV zibalulekile ukunika amandla iimoto zombane. Bahambisa amandla kwiitshaja ukuya kwiibhetri zemoto ngokukhuselekileyo nangempumelelo. Ngo-2023, iziqhagamshelo zokutshaja ze-AC zazidume kakhulu, ngokusetyenziswa kwe-70%. Ummandla we-Asia-Pacific wawunayongaphezulu kwe-35% yemarike, ebonisa ukukhula kwe-EV kwihlabathi jikelele. Ukwazi ngezi ziqhagamshelanisi kunceda abanini be-EV bakhethe itshaja efanelekileyo.

Izinto eziphambili zokuThatha

• Funda malunga neentlobo ze-EV zokutshaja izihlanganisi. Ukwazi isinxibelelanisi sakho kukunceda ukhethe itshaja eyiyo.
• Ukutshaja kwe-AC kuyacotha kodwa kusebenza kakuhle ekhaya. Ukutshaja kweDC kuyakhawuleza kwaye kungcono kwiihambo ezinde. Khetha ngokusekelwe kwindlela ohlawula ngayo.
• Ukhuseleko lubalulekile xa usebenzisa iitshaja ze-EV. Ngalo lonke ixesha khangela iilebhile zokhuseleko ukuqinisekisa ukutshaja okukhuselekileyo.
• Yazi uhlobo lwesinxibelelanisi se-EV yakho phambi kokuba uhambe. Oku kuthintela iingxaki zokufumana iitshaja kwiindawo ezintsha.
• Qhubeka nohlaziyo lwesiqhagamshelo. Itekhnoloji entsha efana neTesla's NACS itshintsha ukutshaja kwe-EV.

I-Evolution ye-EV Charging Connectors

Izixhumi ze-AC zangaphambili kunye nokulinganiselwa kwazo

Ekuqaleni, izixhumi zokutshaja ze-AC zazisisiseko kwaye zilula. Basebenze kakuhle ukutshaja ekhaya kancinci ngobusuku. Kodwa babeneengxaki ezinkulu. Babengenakuphatha amandla aphezulu, ngoko ukutshaja bekucotha. Njengoko ii-EVs ziphuculwe, abantu bafuna iindlela zokutshaja ngokukhawuleza. Oku kukhokelele kuyilo olutsha kunye nobuchwepheshe obungcono. Izihlanganisi zale mihla zenziwa ukuhlangabezana nezi mfuno.

Ukwaziswa kwe-CHAdeMO yokutshaja ngokukhawuleza kwe-DC ngeminyaka yoo-1990

Kwiminyaka yoo-1990, i-CHAdeMO yatshintsha ukutshaja kwe-EV. Yenziwe eJapan, ivumele ukutshaja kweDC ngokukhawuleza. Iimoto ezifana neNissan Leaf kunye neMitsubishi MiEV zayisebenzisa. I-CHAdeMO ineenzuzo ezininzi:

• Yatshaja ngokukhawuleza nge-500VDC kunye ne-125A, inika amandla angama-62.5kW.
• Ukutshaja bekukhawuleza kakhulu kuneNqanaba lesi-2 le-AC, elongeze kuphela iimayile ezingama-25 ngeyure.
• Ngo-2008, i-CHAdeMO yaba ngumgangatho ngenxa yentsebenziswano kushishino.

Oku kubonise indlela izihlanganisi ze-EV ezinokuphucula ngayo iimfuno ezikhulayo ze-EV.

Ukuphuhliswa kweCCS kunye neTesla NACS yee-EVs zanamhlanje

Ii-EV zanamhlanje zisebenzisa iziqhagamshelo eziphambili njengeCCS kunye neTesla NACS. I-CCS inokwenza zombini i-AC kunye ne-DC yokutshaja, iyenze ibe bhetyebhetye. I-Tesla NACS ilula kwaye isebenza kakuhle. UTesla uceba ukwabelana nge-NACS nabanye abenzi beemoto. Iinkampani ezifana neGM, Ford, kunye neVolvo ziza kuyisebenzisa kungekudala. UTesla naye uceba ukuvula3,500 Superchargerkuzo zonke ii-EVs ngo-2024. Olu tshintsho lwenza ukutshaja ngokukhawuleza kwaye kulula kumntu wonke.

Iintlobo ze-AC zokuTshaja

Uhlobo loku-1 (SAE J1772)

Uhlobo lwe-1, okanye i-SAE J1772, isetyenziswe eMntla Melika naseJapan. Uninzi lweemoto zaseAsia zisebenzisa esi sidibanisi. Isebenza kwiNqanaba loku-1 kunye neNqanaba lesi-2 lokutshaja. La manqanaba alungile kwizikhululo zasekhaya okanye zikawonkewonke. Uhlobo loku-1 lunokunikezela ukuya kuthi ga kwi-7.4 kW yamandla. Oku kuyenza ilungele ukutshaja ebusuku okanye ukongezelela ngokukhawuleza kwasemini.

Inqaku eliphambili loHlobo loku-1 ngamandla alo. Iyakwazi ukusingatha10,000 plug-ins kunye nokususwa. Ukuba ubiza yonke imihla, inokuhlala ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-27. Ukhuseleko lukwabalulekile. Umgangatho we-J1772 ukhusela ukothuka, nakwimozulu emanzi. Izikhonkwane ziyagqunywa xa ziplagwe.

Uhlobo 2 (IEC 62196-2)

Uhlobo lwe-2, olukwabizwa ngokuba yi-IEC 62196-2, luxhaphakile eYurophu. Uninzi lwee-EVs zaseYurophu zine-Type 2 inlets. Oku kubenza basebenze nezikhululo zokutshaja ezininzi. Uhlobo lwe-2 luxhasa ukutshaja kwesigaba esinye kunye nesigaba sesithathu. Inokunikezela ukuya kutsho kuma-22 kW amandla, ngokukhawuleza kunoHlobo loku-1 kwizikhululo zikawonke-wonke.

Izihlanganisi zodidi lwe-2 zibhetyebhetye kakhulu. Basebenza ngeentambo ezahlukeneyo kwizantya ezahlukeneyo zokutshaja. Ii-EV ezininzi zibandakanya iintambo ezimbini ezisetyenziselwa ikhaya kunye noluntu. Oku kwenza Uhlobo lwe-2 luyintandokazi kubaqhubi be-EV yaseYurophu.

Ingcebiso:Jonga uhlobo lokungenisa lwe-EV yakho. Qinisekisa ukuba iyahambelana neetshaja kwindawo yakho.

Iindidi ze-DC zokuTshaja zeDibanisi

CCS1

Isixhumi seCCS1, okanye iNkqubo yokuTshaja eDityanisiweyo ye-1, iqhelekile eMntla Melika. Idibanisa zombini i-AC kunye ne-DC yokutshaja kwizibuko elinye. Oku kuyenza ibe luncedo kwiimfuno ezahlukeneyo zokutshaja. Ii-EV ezininzi ezivela kwii-brand zaseMelika kunye ne-Asia zisebenzisa esi siqhagamshelo.

I-CCS1 iyakuvumelaukutshaja ngokukhawuleza ukuya kuthi ga kwi-500 Amps yamandla.Oku kunceda ukunciphisa ixesha lokutshaja, elilungele uhambo olude. Uyilo lwayo lubandakanya iimpawu ezifana nezibane ze-LED kunye ne-flexible cable exits. Ezi zenza kube lula kwaye kube lula ukuyisebenzisa. Ikwahlala ixesha elide, ukuphatha ukusetyenziswa kwe-10,000 kunye neemeko ezinzima.

Ingcebiso:Ukuba ungumnikazi we-EV eMntla Melika, khangela ukuba iyayixhasa na iCCS1. Oku kuya kukunika ukufikelela kwizikhululo zokutshaja ezininzi.

CCS2

I-CCS2, okanye i-Combined Charging System Type 2, isetyenziswa kakhulu eYurophu. Idibanisa i-AC kunye ne-DC yokutshaja kwisinxibelelanisi esinye. Oku kuyenza isebenze kunye nee-EV ezininzi zaseYurophu. Ixhasa ukutshaja kwe-AC kwinqanaba elinye kunye nenqanaba lesithathu, kunye ne-DC ephezulu yamandla.

Imfuno yeCCS2 iyakhula njengoko iteknoloji ye-EV iphucuka. Izikhululo zamandla aphezulu ezineCCS2 zingaukuhlawulisa iimoto 15 ukuba 30 imizuzu.Iinkqubo zokupholisa kwezi tshaja zenza ukuba zisebenze ngakumbi. Oku kwenza i-CCS2 ibe ntle kwiimoto ezinkulu kunye neenqwelo zorhwebo.

Phawula:I-CCS2 iba ngowona mgangatho uphambili eYurophu. Lukhetho olulungileyo ukuba uceba ukuqhuba ukunqumla ilizwekazi.

CHAdeMO

I-CHAdeMO, imfutshane ethi "CHArge de MOve," yaqala eJapan kwaye isadumile ngokutshaja kweDC ngokukhawuleza. Inika amandla ukuya kuthi ga kwi-62.5 kW kwaye ixhasa ukutshaja okuphindwe kabini. Oku kuthetha ukuba i-EV yakho inokuthumela amandla kwigridi okanye inike amandla ikhaya lakho.

Nangona izihlanganisi zeCCS zixhaphake kakhulu ngoku, i-CHAdeMO isasetyenziswa. Iimoto ezifana neNissan Leaf zixhomekeke kwesi sidibanisi. Iza kuhlala ikhona kude kube ngu-2035, ngakumbi eJapan nakwiindawo ezithile zaseYurophu.

Ubusazi?I-CHAdeMO yokutshaja ngokuphindwe kabini yayiyeyokuqala yohlobo lwayo. Inceda ukudala iinkqubo zamandla ezikrelekrele kwixesha elizayo.

Ezinye iintlobo ze-EV Connector

I-Tesla (NACS)

Isixhumi seTesla NACS siyingqayizivele kwi-EV yokutshaja. Incinci kuneCCS, inceda abenzi bemoto ukuyila iimoto ezibhetyebhetye. Esi sidibanisi sisebenza kunye nokutshaja kwe-AC kunye ne-DC. Inokukhupha amandla ukuya kuma-250 kW. Inethiwekhi yeTesla's Supercharger ikakhulu isebenzisa i-NACS, kodwa iibrendi ezifana neGM, Ford, kunye neVolvo ziya kuyamkela.ngo-2025.

I-NACS ineenzuzo ezininzi:

• UkuTshaja ngokuSebenzayo: Ihlawulisa ngelahleko encinci yamandla.
• Ixabiso leeNzuzo: Uyilo lwayo olulula luthoba iindleko zemveliso.
• Ukuhambelana: Isebenzisa inkqubo yonxibelelwano efanayo neCCS, ngoko isebenza nee-EV ezininzi.

I-Tesla iceba ukuvumela ii-EVs ezingekho zeTesla ukuba zisebenzise ii-Superchargers zayo. Oku kuya kwenza ukuba i-NACS idume ngakumbi. Kodwa, izikhululo ezindala kunye neenkqubo zinokufuna ukuhlaziywa ukuxhasa olu tshintsho.

Ubusazi?Ngo-2024, iTesla iya kuphucula i-3,500 Supercharger kwii-EVs ezingekho zeTesla.

GB/T

Isidibanisi se-GB/T ngumgangatho waseTshayina wokutshaja kwe-EV. Ixhasa ukutshaja kwe-AC kunye ne-DC. Ukutshaja kwe-DC kunokuya ku-237.5 kW, ngelixa i-AC ifikelela ku-7.4 kW. Ngokungafaniyo nezinye iziqhagamshelo, i-GB/T inamazibuko ahlukeneyo e-AC kunye ne-DC. Oku kwenza kube lula kodwa kuthatha indawo eninzi kwiimoto.

Izixhumi ze-GB / T zilandela imithetho engqongqo yokhuseleko. Ezi ziquka uvavanyo lomlilo, ukuhlolwa kokugquma, kunye novavanyo lokusingqongileyo. Itheyibhile engezantsi idwelisa ezinyeimigangatho engundoqo:

Ukusetyenziswa kwe-GB/T yaseTshayina kuqinisekisa ukuba zonke iitshaja zisebenza kwilizwe lonke. Ikwaxhasa ukutshaja kwe-bidirectional. Oku kuvumela ii-EVs zithumele amandla kwakhona kwigridi.

Ingcebiso:Ukuba uqhuba i-EV e-China, qiniseka ukuba ixhasa i-GB / T yokutshaja lula.

Indlela yokukhetha i-EV yokuTshaja eLungileyo

Ukuhambelana kwesithuthi kunye nemigangatho yengingqi

Ukukhetha isiqhagamshelanisi se-EV esifanelekileyo, yazi iimfuno zemoto yakho. Iindawo ezahlukeneyo zisebenzisa iintlobo zedibanisi ezahlukeneyo. KuMntla Merika, iCCS1 kunye noHlobo loku-1 zixhaphakile. IYurophu isebenzisa iCCS2 kunye ne-Type 2 izihlanganisi. Iimoto zeTesla zihlala ziza kunye nesinxibelelanisi se-NACS. I-Tesla iphinda ihlaziye ii-Supercharger zayo ukuze isebenze nezinye ii-EVs. Oku kwenza i-NACS ibe luncedo ngakumbi kubo bonke abaqhubi.

Phambi kokuthenga itshaja okanye uhambe, jonga uhlobo lwesinxibelelanisi semoto yakho. Oku kukunceda ukuba ufumane iitshaja ezihambelana ne-EV yakho. Abenzi beemoto abaninzi banikezela ngeetshathi ukubonisa ukuba zeziphi iziqhagamshelo ezilungele izithuthi zabo. Ezi tshathi zinokukusindisa ekwenzeni iimpazamo.

Ingcebiso:Ngalo lonke ixesha ujonga iintlobo zekhonkco phambi kohambo olude, ngakumbi kwimimandla yonke.

Iimfuno zokutshaja: ikhaya vs. ukubizwa kukawonke-wonke

Imikhwa yakho yokutshaja ichaphazela isinxibelelanisi oyifunayo. Uninzi lwabanini be-EV bahlawulisa ekhaya, okungabizi kwaye kulula. Ukutshaja kwekhaya kuyancedaI-75% yayo yonke i-EV yokutshaja. Iindleko zokugcina ziphantsi, kuphela i-2% yeendleko zezixhobo. Ukutshaja koluntu yi-10% kuphela yentlawulo epheleleyo kodwa ngundoqo kwiihambo ezinde.

Ukusebenza kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwetshaja. Iitshaja ze-AC zaseKhaya ziphantse zasebenza kakuhle nge-100%. Iitshaja ezikhawulezayo ze-DC zimalunga nama-92.1%. Ukuba uhlawulisa kakhulu ekhaya, Uhlobo loku-1 okanye uhlobo lwesi-2 izihlanganisi zisebenza kakuhle. Kwiihambo zendlela, khetha i-EV exhasa iziqhagamshelo ze-DC ezikhawulezayo njengeCCS okanye i-CHAdeMO.

Ubusazi?Iitshaja zikawonke-wonke ziphela ngokukhawuleza, kubiza ngaphezulu ukuzilungisa kunetshaja zasekhaya.

Ukubaluleka kweziqinisekiso zokhuseleko

Ukhuseleko lubaluleke kakhulu xa ukhetha izihlanganisi ze-EV.Iitshaja ezifakwe kakubi zinokutshisa kakhulu okanye zidale imililo. Ukuze uhlale ukhuselekile, qesha ingcali ukuba ikufakele itshaja.

Njonga iiziqinisekiso ezifana ne-UL 60730-1. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba itshaja ikhuselekile kwaye ithembekile. Iitshaja eziqinisekisiweyo zilandela imigaqo engqongqo yokuphepha iingxaki, naphantsi kokusetyenziswa kakhulu. Ukusebenzisa izixhobo eziqinisekisiweyo kukhusela imoto yakho kunye nekhaya kwingozi.

Phawula:Iitshaja eziqinisekisiweyo azikugcini nje ukhuselekile kodwa zihlala ixesha elide.

Izihlanganisi zokutshaja ze-EV zingundoqo ekunikeni amandla iimoto zombane ngokukhuselekileyo. Bahambisa amandla ukuhambelana neemfuno zemoto yakho kwaye bancede ihlabathi le-EV likhule. Ukukhetha isinxibelelanisi esifanelekileyo kuthetha ukwazi imoto yakho, imikhwa yokutshaja, kunye nemithetho yokhuseleko.

Ukufumaneka kwetshaja kuyahluka kwihlabathi jikelele. Ngokomyinge, kukhoIi-EV ezili-10 kwitshaja nganye kwihlabathi jikelele. E-US, kukho ii-EV ezingama-24 ngetshaja nganye. I-Korea inamandla okutshaja kawonkewonke, kunye ne-7 kW nge-EV nganye. Ezi nyaniso zibonisa ukuba kutheni ukukhetha isinxibelelanisi esifanelekileyo kubalulekile ukutshaja lula.

Ingcebiso:Jonga uhlobo lwesidibanisi se-EV yakho kunye neetshaja zasekuhlaleni phambi kohambo.

FAQ

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kokutshaja kwe-AC kunye ne-DC?

Ukutshaja kwe-AC kuyacotha kwaye kusebenzisa umsinga otshintshanayo. Ilungele ukusetyenziswa ekhaya. Ukutshaja kwe-DC kukhawuleza kwaye kusebenzisa ngoku ngqo. Kungcono kwizikhululo zikawonke-wonke okanye iihambo ezinde. Ii-EVs zigcina amandla e-DC, ukuze i-AC iguqulwe kuqala. Itshaja zeDC ziyalitsiba eli nyathelo, zigcina ixesha.

Ndingasebenzisa nasiphi na isinxibelelanisi se-EV yam?

Hayi, i-EV yakho idinga uhlobo oluthile lokudibanisa. Oku kuxhomekeke kwimoto yakho kunye nendawo. Ngokomzekelo, iCCS1 ixhaphakile kuMntla Merika. IYurophu isebenzisa kakhulu iCCS2. Jonga incwadi yemoto yakho okanye izibuko lokutshaja ukufumana isidibaniso esilungileyo.

Ndazi njani ukuba itshaja ikhuselekile ukuba ingasetyenziswa?

Khangela iilebhile zokhuseleko ezifana ne-UL okanye i-CE kwiitshaja. Ezi zibonisa ukuba itshaja iyahlangabezana nemithetho yokhuseleko. Musa ukusebenzisa itshaja ezonakeleyo okanye ezingaqinisekiswanga. Ukuba awuqinisekanga, cela ingcebiso kwingcali okanye umenzi wakho we-EV.

Ngaba kulungile ukuhlawulisa i-EV yam emvuleni?

Ewe, iitshaja ze-EV zenziwe ukuba zisebenze ngokukhuselekileyo kwimozulu emanzi. Banoyilo olungangeni manzi ukunqanda ukothuka. Nangona kunjalo, qiniseka ukuba izibuko kunye nesinxibelelanisi zomile phambi kokutshaja. Oku kongeza ukhuseleko olongezelelweyo.

Kufuneka ndiyibize kangaphi i-EV yam?

Tshaja i-EV yakho ngokusekelwe kwindlela oqhuba ngayo. Kuhambo olufutshane, hlawula zonke iintsuku ezimbalwa. Uhambo olude lusenokufuna ukubizwa rhoqo. Musa ukuvumela ibhetri yehle ngaphantsi kwe-20% rhoqo. Kuphephe ukutshaja ukuya kwi-100% yonke imihla ukugcina ibhetri isempilweni.

Ingcebiso:Sebenzisa i-app yakho ye-EV ukulandelela amanqanaba ebhetri kunye nemikhwa yokutshaja.

I-Danyang Winpower Wire kunye neCable Mfg Co., Ltd.Umenzi wezixhobo zombane kunye nezibonelelo, iimveliso eziphambili ziquka iintambo zombane, iintambo zokubopha kunye nezihlanganisi zombane. Isetyenziswa kwiinkqubo zasekhaya ezihlakaniphile, iinkqubo ze-photovoltaic, iinkqubo zokugcina amandla, kunye neenkqubo zezithuthi zombane