Ukubaluleka kweMathiriyeli yocingo oluphezulu lweVoltage kwiZithuthi zoMbane

1. Intshayelelo

Izithuthi zombane (EVs) ziyayiguqula indlela esihamba ngayo, zibonelela ngendlela ecocekileyo nesebenzayo kwiimoto zemveli ezinegesi. Kodwa emva kokukhawulezisa kunye nokusebenza okuthe cwaka kwe-EV kukho icandelo elibalulekileyo elihlala lingaqatshelwa-iingcingo eziphezulu zombane. Ezi ngcingo zinoxanduva lokuhambisa amandla phakathi kwebhetri, i-motor, kunye nezinto ezahlukeneyo zombane, ezisebenza njengeindlela yokuphilayenkqubo yamandla esithuthi.

Njengoko ii-EVs zihambela phambili ngakumbi, iimfuno kwiinkqubo zeentambo zombane ophezulu ziyanda. Ukhuseleko, ukusebenza kakuhle, kunye nokuqina zizinto eziphambili ezixhalabisayo, ukwenza ukukhetha izinto kube yinto ebalulekileyo. Ke, zeziphi imathiriyeli ezifaneleke kakhulu kwi-high-voltage EV wiring? Masiyiqhekeze.

2. Iindidi ze-High-Voltage Wire Insulation Materials

Ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okukhuselekileyo nokusebenzayo, iingcingo eziphezulu ze-voltage kufuneka zibeigqunyiwengezinto ezikumgangatho ophezulu ezinokumelana nobushushu, uxinzelelo lombane, kunye nemingeni yokusingqongileyo. Nazi ezona mathiriyeli zixhaphakileyo zokugquma ezisetyenziswa kwi-EV iingcingo eziphezulu zombane:

2.1. I-Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC)

I-PVC yayikhe yasetyenziswa ngokubanzi ngenxa yayoixabiso eliphantsi kunye neempawu ezintle zoomatshini. Kulula ukusetyenzwa kwaye inika ukuqina okufanelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, i-PVC inezinye iingxaki ezibalulekileyo:

• Iqukethe i-chlorine, eyenza ibe yingozi kwindalo kunye nempilo yabantu.
• Inokumelana nokushisa okungahambi kakuhle, okunokubangela ukuthotywa phantsi kwamaqondo aphezulu.
• Ithanda ukuqina kwaye iqhekeke ngokuhamba kwexesha, ngakumbi kwiimeko ezinzima.

Ngenxa yale miba, abavelisi abaninzi bayayishiya iPVC bethanda izinto eziphucukileyo.

2.2. I-Cross-Linked Polyolefin (XLPO)

I-XLPO yenye yokhetho oluphezulu lweengcingo ze-EV ezinombane ophezulu. Nasi isizathu:

• Ukumelana nobushushu obuphezulu:Iyakwazi ukumelana namaqondo obushushu aphezulu ngaphandle kokuthotywa.
• Amandla omatshini abalaseleyo:Ukumelana nokugoba, ukuzolula, kunye nefuthe.
• Ukuqina:Ubomi obude ngenxa yokumelana nokuguga kunye nokuguga.
• Uzinzo kwiChemical:Ukumelana nokubola kunye nemekobume erhabaxa.

Enye i-drawback yayoukumelana nomlilo obuthathaka, kodwa i-halogen-free flame-retardant XLPO isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo ukulungisa lo mba. Ngenxa yokusebenza kwayo ngamandla, i-XLPO ngoku lolona khetho luphambili lweengcingo ze-EV eziphezulu ze-voltage.

2.3. I-Thermoplastic Elastomer (TPE)

I-TPE yinto eguquguqukayo kwaye kulula ukuyiqhuba edibanisa iimpawu zerabha kunye neplastiki. Ibonelela:

• Ukunwebeka okuhlekumaqondo obushushu aqhelekileyo.
• Ukubunjwa, okwenza kube lula ukubumba kwizakhiwo zocingo ezahlukeneyo.

Nangona kunjalo, inobuthathaka obuthile:

• Ukumelana nokunxiba okuphantsixa kuthelekiswa neXLPO.
• Ukusebenza okuphantsi kobushushu obuphezulu, iyenza ingalungeli kakhulu ukufunwa kweemeko ze-EV.

Ngenxa yolu thintelo, i-TPE ayisiyiyo eyona ndlela ilungileyo yocingo lwe-voltage ephezulu kodwa isasetyenziswa kwizicelo ezithile.

3. Imigangatho yeeNcingo ze-EV eziPhezulu zeVoltage

Ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko kunye nokuthembeka, iingcingo eziphezulu ze-voltage kwii-EV kufuneka zihlangabezane nemigangatho engqongqo yoshishino. Nantsi eminye yemigangatho ephambili esetyenziswa kwihlabathi liphela:

Imigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe:

• ImiGangatho ye-IEC: Ukugquma umbane, oomatshini, kunye neempawu ezishushu.
• Imigangatho ye-ISO:
  • ISO 19642: Ijolisa kwiintambo zezithuthi zendlela.
  • ISO 6722: Igubungela iintambo ze-voltage ephantsi kodwa ngamanye amaxesha kubhekiselwa kwizicelo ze-EV.

Imigangatho yeSizwe yaseTshayina:

• I-QC/T 1037: Ulawula iintambo zombane ophezulu kwizithuthi zamandla amatsha.
• CQC 1122: Ijolisa kwiintambo zokutshaja ze-EV.

Ezinye iziqinisekiso:

• I-LV216: Umgangatho wentambo yemoto yaseJamani.
• IDEKRA K179: Ivavanya ukumelana nedangatye kunye nokhuseleko lomlilo.

4. IiMfuno eziPhambili zokuSebenza

Iintambo zombane ophezulu kufuneka zihlangabezane neemfuno ezininzi ezifunekayo ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okukhuselekileyo nokuthembekileyo kwii-EVs. Makhe sijonge izinto eziphambili zokusebenza:

4.1. Ukusebenza koMbane

• Iphatha amandla ombane aphezulu kunye nombane omkhulu: Iinkqubo ze-EV eziphezulu ze-voltage zihlala zisebenza400V ukuba 800V, efuna iintambo ngeukugquma okugqwesileyo.
• Ithintela ukuvuza kombane: Ukugquma okungalunganga kunokubangelaukulahleka kwamandla okanye iisekethe ezimfutshane eziyingozi.
• Ukumelana noxinzelelo lwamandla ombane aphezulu: Njengoko i-voltage yebhetri ye-EV inyuka, iintambo kufuneka zixhathise ukuphuka kombane.

4.2. Intsebenzo yoMzimba

• Ukumelana nobushushu: Ngexeshaukutshaja ngokukhawuleza okanye ukuqhuba ngesantya esiphezulu, iintambo kufuneka zimelane namaqondo obushushu aphezulu ngaphandle kokunyibilika okanye ukuthotywa.
• Ukuxhathisa okubandayo: kwiiimeko zokukhenkceza, i-insulation kufuneka ihlale iguquguquka kwaye ingabi brittle.
• Ukuba bhetyebhetye: Iintambo kufuneka zigobe kwaye zihambe ngokulula ngexesha lofakelo kunye nokusebenza.
• Amandla oomatshini: Iingcingo mazinyamezeleukungcangcazela, impembelelo, kunye nokolulangaphandle kokuphuka okanye ukulahlekelwa ukusebenza.

4.3. Ukusebenza kwemichiza

• I-oyile kunye ne-Fluid Resistance: Kufuneka umelane nokuba sesichengeniizinto zokuthambisa, i-electrolyte yebhetri, kunye nolunye ulwelo lweemoto.
• Ukunyangwa kokuMhlwa: Ikhusela umonakalo osukaiikhemikhali kunye neemeko ezinzima zokusingqongileyo.

5. IiNdlela zekamva kunye nezinto ezintsha

Uphuhliso lwekwisizukulwana esilandelayoizixhobo ze-high-voltage wire yinkqubo eqhubekayo. Nantsi into egcinwe likamva:

• Umthamo ophezulu wokuthwala ngoku: Njengokoamandla ombane ebhetri ayenyuka, iintambo kufuneka zixhasenamanqanaba aphezulu amandla.
• Ukumelana nobushushu obungcono: Iimathiriyeli ezintsha ziyaphatha amaqondo obushushu agqithisileyongcono kuneXLPO yanamhlanje.
• Uzinzo: Ishishini litshintshelaizixhobo ezihambelana nokusingqongileyoezinciphisa ungcoliseko kunye nokuphucula ukusebenziseka kwakhona.
• Ukuphuculwa kokhuseleko lomlilo: Iindlela ezintsha zokufakela ubushushu ziya kubonelelaukumelana nomlilo ongconongaphandle kweekhemikhali eziyityhefu.
• Imveliso ephezulu: Izinto ezintsha ngaphakathiextrusion kunye nobuchule processingiyakwandisa ukusebenza kwentambo ngelixa ithoba iindleko zemveliso.

Ukuqukumbela

Iintambo zombane ophezulu zibalulekile kodwa zihlala zingahoywa njengenxalenye yesithuthi sombane. Ukukhetha izinto ezifanelekileyo zokugquma kuqinisekisaukhuseleko, ukusebenza kakuhle, kunye nokuqina, igalelo ekuthembekeni ngokubanzi kwee-EVs. Njengoko iteknoloji ihambela phambili, sinokulindelaizixhobo ezingconooko kuphucula ukusebenza ngelixa ukhoyouzinzo ngakumbi. Ikamva le-EV wiring liqaqambile, kwaye ukusungulwa ngokutsha okuqhubekayo kuya kunceda ukuqhuba ishishini phambili!

Winpowerisithuthi sombane izixhobo zocingo ezinevoltage ephezulu zigubungela amanqanaba obushushu amaninzi ukusuka kwi-105℃ ukuya kwi-150℃. Kwizicelo ezisebenzayo, zibonisa ukumelana nobushushu obugqwesileyo, ukugqunywa kombane, ukukhuselwa kokusingqongileyo okuphezulu kunye neempawu zomatshini, ukubonelela ngeziqinisekiso ezithembekileyo zokusebenza okuzinzile kwezithuthi. Ngexesha elifanayo, ngeenzuzo zokusebenza ezigqwesileyo, basombulula ngokufanelekileyo ukusilela ekusebenzeni kwezinto zemveli kwiindawo ezinzima, ukubonelela ngenkxaso eqinile yokusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo kwezithuthi zombane phantsi kweemeko ezizodwa zokusebenza.