Iindidi zeSolar Iindidi: ukuqonda ukuba zisebenza njani

1. Intshayelelo

Amandla elanga ayakhula ngakumbi njengoko abantu bejonga iindlela zokusindisa imali kwiindleko zombane kwaye zinciphise ifuthe kwindalo esingqongileyo. Kodwa ngaba ubusazi ukuba kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zenkqubo yamandla elanga?

Ayizizo zonke iinkqubo zelanga zisebenza ngendlela efanayo. Ezinye ziqhagamshelwe kwigridi yombane, ngelixa ezinye zisebenza ngokupheleleyo. Abanye banokugcina amandla kwiibhetri, ngelixa abanye bethumela umbane ongezelelweyo kwigridi.

Kweli nqaku, siza kucacisa ezona ntlobo zintathu ziphambili zeenkqubo zamandla elanga ngamagama alula:

1. Inkqubo yeRhafu yeGridi(Ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-grid-tidys)
2. Inkqubo yeRhafu yeGridi(inkqubo yodwa)
3. Inkqubo yelanga(ilanga ngokugcinwa kwebhetri kunye noqhagamshelo lwegridi)

Siza kwahlulahlula izinto eziphambili zenkqubo yelanga kunye nendlela abasebenza ngayo kunye.

2. Iindidi zeenkqubo zamandla elanga

I-2.1 inkqubo ye-grid ye-Wholar System (Inkqubo yeGridi)

An Inkqubo yeRhafu yeGridilolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lwenkqubo yelanga. Iqhagamshelwe kwigridi yombane yoluntu, intsingiselo ungasebenzisa amandla kwigridi xa kufuneka njalo.

Ingaba isebenza kanjani:

• Iipaneli zelanga zivelisa umbane ngexesha lasemini.
• Umbane usetyenziswa ekhayeni lakho, kwaye naliphi na amandla ongezelelweyo athunyelwa kwigridi.
• Ukuba iiphaneli zakho zelanga azivelisi umbane ofanelekileyo (onje ebusuku), ufumana amandla kwigridi.

Izibonelelo zeeNkqubo zeGridi:

✅ Akukho mfuneko yokugcina ibhetri ebizayo.
✅ Unokufumana imali okanye iikhredithi zombane ongezelelweyo othumela kwigridi (kwiRhafu yeRhafu).
✅ Ingabizi kwaye kube lula ukuyifaka kunezinye iinkqubo.

Ukunqongophala:

❌ Ayisebenzi ngexesha lokungabikho kwamandla (umnyama) ngezizathu zokhuseleko.
❌ Uxhomekeka kwigridi yombane.

I-2.2 ye-Off-Grid System (inkqubo yodwa)

An Inkqubo yeRhafu yeGridizizimele ngokupheleleyo kwigridi yombane. Ixhomekeke kwiiphaneli zelanga kunye neebhetri ukubonelela ngamandla, nokuba ebusuku okanye ngexesha leentsuku ezinamafu.

Ingaba isebenza kanjani:

• Iiphaphane zelanga zivelisa umbane kunye neebhetri zebhetri ngexesha lasemini.
• Ebusuku okanye xa inamafu, iibhetri zibonelela ngamandla agciniweyo.
• Ukuba ibhetri ibaleka iphantsi, umvelisi we-backup uhlala ufuna.

Izibonelelo zeeNkqubo zeGriid:

I-✅ ilungele iindawo ezikude ngaphandle kokufikelela kwigridi yombane.
I-GEALTENUTENCECY YESIQENDU-AKUKHO BUNGOZI!
✅ Sebenza nangeemoto ezimnyama.

Ukunqongophala:

Iibhetri zibiza kakhulu kwaye zifuna ukugcinwa rhoqo.
❌ Umvelisi we-backup uhlala efunwa ixesha elide elinamafu.
❌ Funa ucwangciso ngononophelo ukuqinisekisa amandla onyaka owoneleyo.

I-2.3 Inkqubo yelanga ye-hybrid (ilanga ngebhetri kunye nonxibelelwano lwegridi)

A Inkqubo yelangaUkudibanisa izibonelelo zazo zombini iinkqubo zegridi nakwiigridi. Iqhagamshelwe kwigridi yombane kodwa inenkqubo yokugcina ibhetri.

Ingaba isebenza kanjani:

• Iiphaphane zelanga zivelisa umbane kwaye zibonelela ngamandla ekhayeni lakho.
• Nawuphi na umbane owongezelelweyo uhlawuliswa iibhetri endaweni yokuya ngqo kwigridi.
• Ngobusuku okanye ngexesha elimnyama, iibhetri zibonelela ngamandla.
• Ukuba iibhetri azinanto, usenokusebenzisa umbane kwigridi.

Izibonelelo zeeNkqubo zeHybrid:

✅ ibonelela ngamandla okugcina ngaphakathi.
✅ Ukunciphisa iindleko zombane ngokugcina kwaye usebenzisa amandla eRlayara ngokufanelekileyo.
✅ inokuthengisa umbane owongezelelweyo kwigridi (kuxhomekeke kwiseti yakho).

Ukunqongophala:

❌ Iibhetri zongeza iindleko ezongezelelweyo kwinkqubo.
❌ Ufakelo oluntsonkothileyo xa uthelekiswa neenkqubo zeGridi.

I-3. Iinxalenye zenkqubo yelanga kunye nendlela abasebenza ngayo

Iinkqubo zamandla elanga, nokuba yigridi, igridi, okanye i-hybrid, inamacandelo afanayo. Makhe siqwalasele indlela abasebenza ngayo.

3.1 Iipaneli zelanga

Iiphaneli zelanga zenziweIiseli zeFotovoltaic (ze-PV)Oko kuguqula ukukhanya kwelanga kube ngumbane.

• Bavelisangqo ku-DCxa ityhilwe lilanga.
• Iipaneli ezingaphezulu zithetha umbane ngakumbi.
• Isixa samandla esivelise ukuxhomekeka kubunzulu belanga, umgangatho wepaneli, kunye neemeko zemozulu.

Inqaku elibalulekileyo:Iipaneli zelanga zivelisa umbane ukusukaamandla okukhanya, hayi ubushushu. Oku kuthetha ukuba banokusebenza nangeentsuku ezibandayo okoko kukho ukukhanya kwelanga.

I-3.2 yelanga

Iipaneli zelanga zelangaUmbane we-DC, kodwa amakhaya kunye namashishini asetyenziswaUmbane we-AC. KulaphoI-solar engenarterungene.

• I-inverterGuqula umbane we-DC kwi-ACTUkusetyenziswa kwekhaya.
• KwiI-on-grid okanye inkqubo ye-hybrid, I-Inverter ikwalawula ukuhamba kombane phakathi kwekhaya, iibhetri kunye negridi.

Ezinye iinkqubo zokusetyenziswai-micro-neverters.

3.3 IBhodi yokuHambisa

Nje ukuba i-Inverter iguqula umbane kwi-AC, ithunyelwe kwiIBhodi yokuHambisa.

• Le bhodi iyalela umbane kwizixhobo ezahlukileyo endlwini.
• Ukuba kukho umbane ogqithisileyo, nokubaIibheji(kwi-off-grid okanye iinkqubo ze-hybrid) okanyeIya kwigridi(kwiinkqubo zegridi).

Iibhetri zelanga

Iibhetri zelangaGcina umbane ogqithisileyoUkuze isetyenziswe kamva.

• I-Coum-Acid, i-AGM, i-Gel, kunye neLithiumziindidi eziqhelekileyo zebhetri.
• Iibhetri ze-lithiumzezona ndawo zisebenzayo kwaye zihlala ixesha elide kodwa nazo zibiza kakhulu.
• Isetyenziswe ngaphakathii-off-gridkwayehybridiinkqubo zokubonelela ngamandla ebusuku kwaye ngexesha lenyama emnyama.

I-4. I-Grid System System

✅Eyona nto ifikelelekayo kwaye ilula ukuyifaka
✅Igcina imali kwiindleko zombane
✅Inokuthengisa amandla ongezelelweyo kwigridi

❌Ayisebenzi ngexesha le-black
❌Isaxhomekeke kwigridi yombane

I-5. Inkqubo yeRhafu yeRhafu

✅Inkululeko epheleleyo yamandla
✅Akukho zityala zombane
✅Isebenza kwiindawo ezikude

❌Iibhetri ezixabisa kunye nomnini we-backup ofunekayo
❌Kufuneka yenziwe ngononophelo ukuze usebenze kuwo onke amaxesha onyaka

I-6. Inkqubo yelanga ye-hybrid

✅Eyona nto ilungileyo kubo bobabini beLizwe kunye noQhagamshelo lweGridi
✅Isebenza ngexesha lenyama emnyama
✅Inokugcina kwaye ithengise amandla aphezulu

❌Iindleko eziphakamileyo zokuqala ngenxa yokugcinwa kwebhetri
❌Ukuseta okungakumbi okuthe kratya kuthelekiswa neenkqubo zegridi

7. Ukuqukumbela

Iinkqubo zamandla elanga yindlela entle yokunciphisa iindleko zombane kwaye zibe nobuhlobo obungakumbi. Nangona kunjalo, ukukhetha uhlobo lwenkqubo olufanelekileyo kuxhomekeke kwiimfuno zakho zamandla kunye nohlahlo-lwabiwo mali.

• Ukuba ufuna ailula kwaye ifikelelekeinkqubo,kwi-grid solarlolona khetho lufanelekileyo.
• Ukuba uhlala kwiIndawo ekudeNgaphandle kokufikelela kwegridi,i-off-grid solarkukhetho lwakho kuphela.
• Ukuba uyafunaAmandla okugcina i-backup ngexesha leBlackkunye nolawulo olungaphezulu kombane wakho, aInkqubo yelangayindlela yokuhamba.

Ukutyala imali kumandla elanga sisigqibo se-smart kwikamva. Ngokuqonda ukuba zisebenza njani ezi nkqubo, unokukhetha eyona ilungele indlela yakho yokuphila.

I-FAQS

1. Ndingayifaka iiphaneli zesolar ngaphandle kweebhetri?
Ewe! Ukuba ukhetha iInkqubo yeRhafu yeGridi, Awufuni iibhetri.

2. Ngaba iipaneli zelanga zisebenza kwiintsuku ezinamafu?
Ewe, kodwa bavelisa umbane ongaphantsi kuba kukho ukukhanya kwelanga.

3. Iibhetri ze-Solar zihlala ixesha elingakanani?
Uninzi lweebhetri zihlalaIminyaka emi-5-15, kuxhomekeka kuhlobo kunye nokusetyenziswa.

4. Ndingayisebenzisa inkqubo ye-hybrid ngaphandle kwebhetri?
Ewe, kodwa ukongeza ibhetri kunceda ukugcina amandla okugqithisileyo ukuze kusetyenziswe kamva.

5. Kwenzeka ntoni ukuba ibhetri yam igcwele?
Kwinkqubo ye-hybrid, amandla ongezelelweyo angathunyelwa kwigridi. Kwinkqubo yegridi engekho mgqomo, ukuveliswa kwamandla kuyeka xa ibhetri igcwele.