1. Intshayelelo
Umbane welanga uya uthandwa kakhulu njengoko abantu befuna iindlela zokugcina imali kwiibhilidi zombane kunye nokunciphisa impembelelo yabo kwindalo. Kodwa ngaba ubusazi ukuba kukho iindidi ezahlukeneyo zeenkqubo zamandla elanga?
Ayizizo zonke iinkqubo zelanga ezisebenza ngendlela efanayo. Abanye baqhagamshelwe kwigridi yombane, ngelixa abanye bezisebenzela ngokupheleleyo. Abanye banokugcina amandla kwiibhetri, ngelixa abanye bathumela umbane owongezelelweyo emva kwigridi.
Kweli nqaku, siza kuchaza iintlobo ezintathu eziphambili zeenkqubo zamandla elanga ngamagama alula:
- Inkqubo yelanga ekwigridi(ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-grid-died system)
- Inkqubo yelanga engaphandle kwegrid(inkqubo yokuzimela yodwa)
- Inkqubo yelanga yeHybrid(ilanga elinokugcinwa kwebhetri kunye noqhagamshelo lwegridi)
Kwakhona siza kucazulula amacandelo aphambili kwisixokelelwano selanga kunye nendlela asebenzisana ngayo.
2. Iindidi zeeNkqubo zeSolar Power
2.1 Isixokelelwano seSola esikwiGridi (iSixokelelwano sokuThatyaniswa kwegridi
An inkqubo yelanga ekwigridilolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lwesixokelelwano selanga. Iqhagamshelwe kwigridi yombane kawonke-wonke, oku kuthetha ukuba usengasebenzisa umbane osuka kwigridi xa kuyimfuneko.
Ingaba isebenza kanjani:
- Iiphaneli zesola zivelisa umbane emini.
- Umbane usetyenziswa kwikhaya lakho, kwaye nawaphi na amandla angaphezulu athunyelwa kwigridi.
- Ukuba iiphaneli zakho zelanga azivelisi mbane waneleyo (njengasebusuku), ufumana amandla kwigridi.
Izibonelelo zeeNkqubo ze-On-Grid:
✅ Akukho mfuneko yokugcina ibhetri ebiza imali eninzi.
✅ Ungafumana imali okanye iikhredithi ngombane owongezelelweyo owuthumelayo kwigridi (I-Feed-in Tariff).
✅ Ixabiso eliphantsi kwaye kulula ukuyifaka kunezinye iinkqubo.
Imida:
❌ AYIsebenze ngexesha lokumka kombane (ukucima) ngenxa yezizathu zokhuseleko.
❌ Usaxhomekeke kwigridi yombane.
2.2 I-Off-Grid Solar System (Isixokelelwano sokuZimela sodwa)
An inkqubo yelanga engaphandle kwegridizimele ngokupheleleyo kwigridi yombane. Ixhomekeke kwiipaneli zelanga kunye neebhetri ukunika amandla, nokuba kusebusuku okanye ngeentsuku ezinamafu.
Ingaba isebenza kanjani:
- Iiphaneli zesola zivelisa umbane kwaye zitshaja iibhetri emini.
- Ebusuku okanye xa kusibekele, iibhetri zibonelela ngamandla agciniweyo.
- Ukuba ibhetri iphantsi, ijenereyitha yokugcina idla ngokufuneka.
Izibonelelo zeeNkqubo ze-Off-Grid:
✅ Igqibelele kwiindawo ezikude ezingenakho ukufikelela kwigridi yombane.
✅ Ukuzimela ngokupheleleyo kwamandla—akukho matyala ombane!
✅ Isebenza nangexesha lokucima umbane.
Imida:
❌ Iibhetri ziyabiza kwaye zifuna ukulungiswa rhoqo.
❌ Ijenereyitha yokugcina isoloko ifuneka kangangexesha elide elinamafu.
❌ Ifuna ukucwangciswa ngononophelo ukuze kuqinisekiswe amandla awoneleyo unyaka wonke.
2.3 I-Hybrid Solar System (iSolar enebhetri kunye noQhagamshelo lweGridi)
A inkqubo yelanga engumxubeidibanisa izibonelelo zombini kwi-grid kunye ne-off-grid systems. Iqhagamshelwe kwigridi yombane kodwa ikwanenkqubo yokugcina ibhetri.
Ingaba isebenza kanjani:
- Iiphaneli zesola zivelisa umbane kwaye zibonelela ngamandla kwikhaya lakho.
- Nawuphi na umbane owongezelelweyo ubiza iibhetri endaweni yokuya ngqo kwigridi.
- Ebusuku okanye ngexesha lokucima, iibhetri zinika amandla.
- Ukuba iibhetri azinanto, usengasebenzisa umbane osuka kwigridi.
Izibonelelo zeHybrid Systems:
✅ Ibonelela ngamandla okuxhasa ngexesha lokucima umbane.
✅ Ukucutha amatyala ombane ngokugcina nokusebenzisa amandla elanga ngokufanelekileyo.
✅ Unokuthengisa umbane owongezelelweyo kwigridi (kuxhomekeke kulungiselelo lwakho).
Imida:
❌ Iibhetri zongeza iindleko ezongezelelweyo kwisistim.
❌ Ufakelo oluntsonkothileyo ngakumbi xa kuthelekiswa neenkqubo ezikwigridi.
3. Amacandelo eSolar System kunye nendlela asebenza ngayo
Zonke iinkqubo zamandla elanga, nokuba zikwigridi, i-off-grid, okanye i-hybrid, zineenxalenye ezifanayo. Makhe sijonge indlela asebenza ngayo.
3.1 IiPaneli zeSolar
Iiphaneli zelanga zenziweiiseli ze-photovoltaic (PV).eziguqula ukukhanya kwelanga kube ngumbane.
- Bavelisaumbane wangoku ngqo (DC).xa ibekwe kukukhanya kwelanga.
- Iipaneli ezininzi zithetha umbane ongaphezulu.
- Ubungakanani bamandla abawavelisayo buxhomekeke kukukhanya kwelanga, umgangatho wephaneli, kunye neemeko zemozulu.
Inqaku elibalulekileyo:Iiphaneli zesola zivelisa umbane ukusukaamandla okukhanya, hayi ubushushu. Oku kuthetha ukuba banokusebenza nangeentsuku ezibandayo ukuba nje kukho ukukhanya kwelanga.
3.2 Isiguquli seSola
Iiphaneli zelanga zivelisaUmbane weDC, kodwa amakhaya kunye namashishini asebenzisaUmbane we-AC. Kulapho keinverter yelangaingena.
- I-inverteruguqula umbane we-DC ube ngumbane we-ACukusetyenziswa ekhaya.
- Kwi-kwigridi okanye inkqubo yomxube, i-inverter ikwalawula ukuhamba kombane phakathi kwekhaya, iibhetri, kunye negridi.
Ezinye iinkqubo zisebenzisamicro-inverters, ezincanyathiselwe kwiiphaneli zelanga zomntu ngamnye endaweni yokusebenzisa isiguquli esiphakathi esikhulu esinye.
3.3 Ibhodi yokusasaza
Nje ukuba i-inverter iguqule umbane kwi-AC, ithunyelwa kwi-ibhodi yokuhambisa.
- Le bhodi ilawula umbane kwizixhobo ezahlukeneyo zendlu.
- Ukuba kukho umbane ogqithisileyo, kunjaloiibhetri(kwi-off-grid okanye iinkqubo hybrid) okanyeiya kwigridi(kwiinkqubo ezikwigridi).
3.4 Iibhetri zeSolar
Iibhetri zelangagcina umbane ogqithisileyoukuze isetyenziswe kamva.
- I-Lead-acid, i-AGM, i-gel, kunye ne-lithiumziintlobo zebhetri eziqhelekileyo.
- Iibhetri zeLithiumzezona zisebenzayo kwaye zihlala ixesha elide kodwa zikwazezona zibiza kakhulu.
- Isetyenziswa kwingaphandle kwegridikwayeumxubeiinkqubo zokubonelela ngombane ebusuku nangexesha lokucima kombane.
4. I-On-Grid Solar System ngokweNgcaciso
✅Eyona nto ifikelelekayo kwaye kulula ukuyifaka
✅Wonga imali kumatyala ombane
✅Inokuthengisa amandla awongezelelweyo kwigridi
❌Ayisebenzi ngexesha lokucima umbane
❌Isaxhomekeke kwigridi yombane
5. I-Off-Grid Solar System kwiNgcaciso
✅Ukuzimela ngokupheleleyo kwamandla
✅Akukho matyala ombane
✅Isebenza kwiindawo ezikude
❌Iibhetri ezixabisa kakhulu kunye nejenereyitha yokugcina efunekayo
❌Kufuneka uyilwe ngononophelo ukuze isebenze kuwo onke amaxesha onyaka
6. I-Hybrid Solar System kwiNgcaciso
✅Eyona nto ibalaseleyo kwihlabathi-ibhetri kunye noqhagamshelo kwigridi
✅Isebenza ngexesha lokucima
✅Inokugcina kwaye ithengise amandla angaphezulu
❌Iindleko zokuqala eziphezulu ngenxa yokugcinwa kwebhetri
❌Ukuseta okuntsonkothileyo ngakumbi xa kuthelekiswa neenkqubo ezikwigridi
7. Isiphelo
Iinkqubo zamandla elanga ziyindlela entle yokunciphisa amatyala ombane kwaye zibe nobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ukukhetha uhlobo oluchanekileyo lwenkqubo kuxhomekeke kwiimfuno zakho zamandla kunye nohlahlo lwabiwo-mali.
- Ukuba ufuna iilula kwaye iyafikelelekainkqubo,kwigridi yelangalolona khetho lungcono.
- Ukuba uhlala eindawo ekudengaphandle kokufikelela kwigridi,ngaphandle kwegrid solarlukhetho lwakho kuphela.
- Ukuba uyafunaamandla okugcina ngexesha lokucimakunye nokulawula ngakumbi kumbane wakho, ainkqubo yelanga engumxubeyindlela yokuhamba.
Utyalo-mali kumandla elanga sisigqibo esilumkileyo sekamva. Ngokuqonda ukuba ezi nkqubo zisebenza njani, unokukhetha eyona ihambelana nendlela ophila ngayo.
Ii-FAQs
1. Ngaba ndingafaka iipaneli zelanga ngaphandle kweebhetri?
Ewe! Ukuba ukhetha iinkqubo yelanga ekwigridi, awudingi bhetri.
2. Ngaba iiphaneli zesola zisebenza ngeentsuku ezinamafu?
Ewe, kodwa zivelisa umbane omncinci ngenxa yokuba ilanga lincinane.
3. Iibhetri zelanga zihlala ixesha elingakanani?
Uninzi lweebhetri zihlala5-15 iminyaka, kuxhomekeke kuhlobo kunye nokusetyenziswa.
4. Ndingasebenzisa inkqubo ye-hybrid ngaphandle kwebhetri?
Ewe, kodwa ukongeza ibhetri kunceda ukugcina amandla agqithisileyo ukuze uwasebenzise kamva.
5. Kwenzeka ntoni ukuba ibhetri yam igcwele?
Kwinkqubo ye-hybridi, amandla angaphezulu angathunyelwa kwigridi. Kwi-off-grid system, ukuveliswa kwamandla kuyema xa ibhetri igcwele.
Ixesha lokuposa: Mar-05-2025