Isithuthi soMbane i-High-Voltage Cable Materials: iCopper vs. Aluminium, Yeyiphi eyona nto iKhethayo?

Intshayelelo kwi-High-Voltage Cabling kwii-EVs

Kutheni iiCables eziphezulu zeVoltage zibalulekile kuYilo lwe-EV

Izithuthi zombane (EVs) ziyamangalisa zobunjineli bale mihla, zixhomekeke kwiinkqubo ezintsonkothileyo ukuhambisa isantya esisulungekileyo, esisebenzayo, nesithe cwaka. Embindini we-EV nganye kukho inethiwekhi yeiintambo zombane ophezulu-ehlala ephethe i-voltages ye-400V ukuya kwi-800V okanye ngaphezulu-edibanisa ibhetri, i-inverter, i-motor motor, inkqubo yokutshaja, kunye nezinye izinto ezibalulekileyo.

Ezi ntambo azikho nje iingcingo. Bakhoiindlela zokuphilaezidlulisa izixa ezikhulu zamandla ombane kuwo wonke ulwakhiwo lwesithuthi. Ukusebenza kwabo kuchaphazela yonke into ukusukaukuqhuba kunye nokhuseleko ekusebenzeni kakuhle kunye nolawulo lwe-thermal.

Ikheyibhuli yombane ophezulu kufuneka ihlangabezane neemfuno ezininzi eziphambili:

• Ukuqhuba umbane ngokuxhathisa okuncinci

• Ukumelana noxinzelelo lomatshini, ukungcangcazela, kunye nokugoba

• Ukuxhathisa ubushushu, ingqele, ukufuma, kunye nokuvezwa kweekhemikhali

• Gcina intsebenzo kubomi besithuthi (iminyaka eyi-10–20+)

• Ukuthobela imithetho engqongqo yokhuseleko kunye ne-electromagnetic comppatibility (EMC).

Ngee-EVs ziba zezona ziphambili kwaye abavelisi bazabalazela ukukhaphukhaphu, ukhuseleko, kunye noyilo olungabizi kakhulu, ukhetho lwemathiriyeli yomqhubi—ubhedu okanye i-aluminiyam-Kuye kwavela njengesihloko esishushu kwiisangqa zobunjineli.

Umbuzo awusekho "Yintoni esebenzayo?" kodwa kungcono,"Yintoni esebenza ngcono kwesiphi isicelo?"

Isishwankathelo seeMfuno zoThutho lwaMandla

Xa iinjineli ziyila intambo yombane ephezulu yemoto yombane, azijongi nje umgangatho wombane—zikwavavanyaiimfuno zokuhambisa amandla, ezidityaniswe:

• Umthamo wokuthwala ngoku

• Ukuziphatha kwe-Thermal (ukuveliswa kobushushu kunye nokuchithwa)

• Imida yokuhla kwamandla ombane

• Ukhuselo lwe-EMC

• Ububhetyebhetye bomatshini kunye nokubanakho kwendlela

I-EV eqhelekileyo inokufuna iintambo zombane ophezulu ukuze ziphathwe naphi na ukusuka100 A ukuya ku-500 A, kuxhomekeke kubukhulu besithuthi, inqanaba lokusebenza, kunye nokukwazi ukutshaja. Ezi ntambo zentambo zinokubaleka kangangeemitha ezininzi ngobude, ngakumbi kwiiSUV ezinkulu okanye iimoto zorhwebo.

Iintambo kufuneka zibe zombiniukusebenza kakuhle kombanekwayeilawuleka ngoomatshini. Zingqindilili kakhulu, kwaye ziba nzima, ziqina, kwaye kunzima ukuzifaka. Ibhityile kakhulu, kwaye itshisa kakhulu okanye ilahlekelwe ngamandla ngendlela engamkelekanga.

Esi senzo esibuthathaka sokulinganisa senza iukhetho lwezinto zomqhubikubaluleke kakhulu-kuba ubhedu kunye ne-aluminiyam ziziphatha ngendlela ehluke kakhulu kuzo zonke ezi ziguquguqukayo.

Umba weMathiriyeli: Indima yabaQondisi kwiNtsebenzo noKhuseleko

I-conductor ingundoqo kuyo nayiphi na intambo-ichaza ukuba ungakanani umbane onokuhamba, ubushushu obuninzi obuveliswayo, kunye nendlela ekhuselekileyo kunye neyomelele ngayo intambo iya kudlula ixesha.

Iintsimbi ezimbini zilawula imbonakalo yomhlaba ye-conductor kwii-EVs:

• Ubhedu: Ixesha elide lihlonitshwa ngokusebenza kombane okugqwesileyo, ukuqina, kunye nokukhululeka kokupheliswa. Inzima kwaye ibiza kakhulu kodwa inikezela ukusebenza okuphezulu kwiifomathi ezihlangeneyo.

• Aluminiyam: Ilula kwaye ifikeleleke ngakumbi, kunye ne-conductivity ephantsi kunobhedu. Ifuna i-cross-section enkulu ukuze ifanise ukusebenza kodwa iyagqwesa kwizicelo ezinobuthathaka.

Lo mahluko uchaphazela:

• Ukusebenza kombane(ukwehla kwamandla ombane kancinci)

• Ulawulo lobushushu(ubushushu obuncinane kwiampere nganye)

• Ukuhanjiswa kobunzima(iintambo ezikhaphukhaphu zinciphisa ubunzima besithuthi ngokubanzi)

• Imveliso kunye noqoqosho lwekhonkco lokubonelela(ixabiso lemathiriyeli ekrwada kunye nokulungiswa)

Abaqulunqi be-EV banamhlanje kufuneka baqwalaseleukurhweba kuwo wonke umsebenzi, ubunzima, ixabiso, kunye nokwenza. Ukukhetha ubhedu xa kuthelekiswa ne-aluminiyam ayikokukhetha ophumeleleyo-kumalungaukukhetha izinto ezifanelekileyo kubuthunywa obufanelekileyo.

IiPropati eziSisiseko zeCopper kunye neAluminiyam

I-Conductivity yoMbane kunye ne-Resistivity

I-conductivity yombane mhlawumbi yeyona propati ibaluleke kakhulu ekuphononongeni izinto zekhebula kwii-EVs. Nantsi indlela ubhedu kunye ne-aluminium ethelekisa ngayo:

Kule nto, kucacile ukubaUbhedu lusebenza kakhulu kune-aluminiyam-nto leyo ethetha ukuhla kwamandla ombane amancinci kunye nokulahleka kwamandla kubude obufanayo kunye necandelo elinqamlezayo.

Nangona kunjalo, iinjineli zinokubuyekeza i-aluminiyam ephezulu yokuxhathisa ngeukwandisa indawo yayo enqamlezileyo. Umzekelo, ukuthwala umsinga ofanayo, umqhubi we-aluminiyam unokuba ngu-1.6 ngokuphindwe kabini kunobhedu.

Olo hlengahlengiso, nangona kunjalo, luzisa ukurhweba kwisayizi yentambo kunye nokuguquguquka kwendlela.

Amandla oomatshini kunye nokuguquguquka

Xa kuziwa kumandla kunye nokuguquguquka, zombini izixhobo zineempawu ezizodwa:

• Ubhedu: Unamandla abalaseleyo okuqina kwaye kunjaloukuthandeka kancinci ekwaphuleni phantsi koxinzelelo okanye ukugoba okuphindaphindiweyo. Ilungele indlela eqinile kunye nerediya egobileyo encinci.

• Aluminiyam: Ithambile kwaye ininzi i-ductile, enokwenza kube lula ukumila kodwa ithandeke ngakumbiukudinwa kunye nokurhubuluza phantsi komthwalo-ingakumbi kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu okanye kwiindawo eziguqukayo.

Kwizicelo apho iintambo kufuneka zijike rhoqo (umzekelo, kufutshane nokunqunyanyiswa okanye kwiingalo zokutshaja), ubhedu luhlala lusesichengeni.ukhetho olukhethiweyo. Nangona kunjalo,iintambo ze-aluminiyam ezixinyiweyongokuqiniswa okufanelekileyo kusenokwenza kakuhle kumacandelo amancinci ahambayo.

Ukuxinana kunye nokuBanzisa ubunzima

Ubunzima buyimetric ebalulekileyo kuyilo lwe-EV. Ikhilogram nganye eyongeziweyo ichaphazela uluhlu lwebhetri, ukusebenza kakuhle, kunye nokutshintsha kokuqhuba.

Nantsi indlela ubhedu nealuminiyam eziqokelelana ngayo kuxinaniso:

Oko kuthetha ukuba umqhubi we-aluminiummalunga nesinye kwisithathu sobunzima bomqhubi wobheduyomthamo ofanayo.

Kwi-high-voltage wiring-ehlala iphelele kwi-10-30 kg kwi-EV yanamhlanje-ukutshintsha ukusuka kubhedu ukuya kwi-aluminiumgcina i-5-15 kgokanye ngaphezulu. Oko kukunciphisa okunentsingiselo, ngakumbi kwii-EV ezileqa yonke ikhilomitha eyongezelelweyo yoluhlu.

UkuSebenza okuThermal kunye noMbane kwiiMeko ze-EV

Ukuveliswa kobushushu kunye nokuchithwa

Kwiinkqubo ze-EV zombane ophezulu, ii-conductor eziphetheyo ngoku zivelisa ubushushu ngenxa yeelahleko ezixhathisayo (I²R). Isakhono somqhubi ukubachitha obu bushushungokufanelekileyo kubalulekile ukunqanda ukuthotywa kwe-thermal ye-insulation, ukwanda kokumelana, kwaye ekugqibeleni,ukusilela kwentambo.

I-Copper, ene-conductivity ephezulu yombane, ivelisaubushushu obungaphantsi komthwalo wangoku ofanayoxa kuthelekiswa ne-aluminiyam. Oku kuguqulela ngokuthe ngqo ku:

• Amaqondo obushushu okusebenza asezantsi

• Uxinzelelo oluncinci lwe-thermal kwi-insulation

• Ukuthembeka okuphuculweyo kwiindawo ezixineneyo

I-Aluminiyam, ngelixa isasebenza, idingaamacandelwana amakhuluukuphumeza ukusebenza ngokulinganayo thermal. Nangona kunjalo, oku kwandisa ubungakanani bentambo xa iyonke kwaye kunokwenza kube nzima ukufakwa, ngakumbi kwiindawo ezixineneyo zeenjini okanye kwiindawo ezivaliweyo zebhetri.

Kodwa kukho okungakumbi ebalini.

IAluminiyam inayoconductivity ephezulu thermal ubunzima, evumela ukubachitha ubushushu ngokukhawulezakwezinye izicelo. Xa yenziwe ngokufanelekileyo ngemathiriyeli yebhatyi esebenzayo kunye nojongano olululo lwe-thermal, i-aluminiyam isenako ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezishushu zamaqonga e-EV anamhlanje.

Ekugqibeleni, inzuzo yokusebenza kwe-thermal isayame kubhedu, ngakumbi kwiindawo-ezithintelweyo, iindawo ezinomthwalo ophezulu.

Ukuhla kwe-Voltge kunye nokuLahla kwamandla

Ukuhla kwamandla ombane kukucutha amandla ombane ecaleni kwentambo, kwaye kuchaphazela ngqoukusebenza kakuhle kwenkqubo. Kubaluleke kakhulu kwii-EVs apho yonke iwatt ibala uluhlu kunye nokusebenza.

Ukuxhathisa okuphantsi kweCopper kuqinisekisa:

• Umbane omncinci wehla kumgama

• Ukusebenza kakuhle kwangoku

• Ukulahleka kwamandla aphantsi, okukhokelela kuluhlu oluphuculweyo lwe-EV

Ukumelana okuphezulu kweAluminiyam kwandisa ukuhla kwamandla ombane ngaphandle kokuba i-conductor inyusiwe. Oku kuneziphumo ezimbini:

1. Ukusetyenziswa kwezinto ezininzi, enokuthi ichithe inzuzo yeendleko ze-aluminium.

2. Ubungakanani bentambo enkulu, isenza ukuba kube nzima ukupakisha kunye nocelomngeni.

Kwiinkqubo ezineiimfuno eziphezulu zangoku-njengokutshaja okukhawulezayo, ukunyanyiswa kwe-regenerative, okanye ukukhawuleza ngokukhawuleza-ubhedu lubonelela ngokuzinza kwamandla aphezulu.

Oko kwathiwa, kwimithwalo yangoku ehambelanayo kunye nemodareyitha (efana nebhetri-to-inverter eqhuba kwii-EVs zabahambi), i-aluminium inokusebenza ngokwaneleyo xa ilinganiswe ngokufanelekileyo.

I-Insulation kunye ne-Sheathing Compatibility

Iintambo zombane ophezulu azifuni kuphela abaqhubi abalungileyo kodwa nazoI-insulation eyomeleleyo kunye nezixhobo zebhatyiukukhusela:

• Ukwakhiwa kobushushu

• Ukufuma kunye neekhemikhali

• Ukunxiba koomatshini

• Ukuphazamiseka koMbane (EMI)

Iikhonduki zobhedu kunye ne-aluminiyamsebenzisana ngokwahlukileyongokugquma ngenxa yeempawu zokwandiswa kwe-thermal, iioksidi zomphezulu, kunye nokuziphatha kokudibanisa.

Ubhedu:

• Yenza i-stable, conductive oxides engaphazamisi imidibaniso.

• Iibhondi kakuhle kunye nezinto ezininzi zokugquma (umzekelo, i-polyolefins edibeneyo, i-silicone).

• Ingasetyenziswa kwiintambo ezincinci, ukunciphisa imfuno yeebhatyi ezishinyeneyo.

Aluminiyam:

• Ukuphuhlisa i-non-conductive oxide layer enokuphazamisa ukuqhubeka kombane kwiindawo zoqhagamshelwano.

• Ifunaunyango olukhethekileyo lomphezuluokanye i-anti-oxidation coatings.

• Ifuna ukugquma okomelele ngakumbi ngenxa yobungakanani bomqhubi omkhulu kunye nolwakhiwo lwemathiriyeli ethambileyo.

Ukongeza, ukuthamba kwe-aluminiyam kuyenza ithandeke ngakumbiukuhamba okubandayookanye i-deformation phantsi koxinzelelo, ngoko ke izinto zejacket kufuneka zikhethwe ngononophelo ukukhusela uxinzelelo lomatshini ekuphazamiseni ukusebenza kwe-insulation.

I-takeway? Ubhedu lunikezela ngakumbiukuhambelana kweplagi kunye nokudlalangobugcisa obukhoyo bokugquma, ngelixa i-aluminiyam ifunauyilo olulungiselelweyo kunye nokuqinisekiswaukuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kwenkqubo.

Ukuqina kunye nokuthembeka phantsi koxinzelelo lwehlabathi lokwenyani

Ukungcangcazela, ukugoba, kunye nokudinwa koomatshini

Izithuthi zombane zijongene noluhlu olungapheliyo loxinzelelo lomatshini:

• Ukungcangcazela kwendlela

• I-chassis flex

• Ukwandiswa kwe-Thermal kunye nokunciphisa

• Uxinzelelo olubangelwa yiNdibano okanye ukunyanzeliswa

Iintambo kufuneka zigobe, zigobe, kwaye zifunxe la mandla ngaphandle kokuqhekeka, ukuqhawuka, okanye ukunqumla.

Ubheduiphezulu ngokwendalo xa isiza ku:

• Tensile strength

• Ukumelana nokudinwa

• Ukuqina phantsi kwemijikelo ye-flex ephindaphindiweyo

Inyamezela ukugoba okuqinileyo, iindlela ezibukhali zendlela, kunye nokungcangcazela okuqhubekayo ngaphandle kokuthotywa kokusebenza. Oku kuyenza ilungeleizicelo eziguqukayo, njengeentambo ze-motor-to-inverter okanye izibuko zokutshaja ezihambayo.

Aluminiyam, okuchasene:

• Utyekele ngakumbiukusilela okuqinileyoekuhambeni kwexesha phantsi koxinzelelo.

• Unengxakirhubuluza-ukuguqulwa okuthe ngcembe phantsi komthwalo ozinzileyo.

• Ifunaukukrala ngononophelo kunye nokomelezwakwiindawo zoqhagamshelwano ukukhusela ukusilela kokudinwa.

Nangona kunjalo, inkqubela phambili yamva njeUyilo lwe-aluminium conductor enemisontokwayeiindlela zokuphelisa ezongeziweyobathomalalisa obu buthathaka, benza i-aluminiyam isebenze ngakumbi kwiindawo eziqinileyo okanye ezisisigxina zofakelo ngaphakathi kwe-EV.

Nangona kunjalo, kwiindawo ezihambayo kunye neendawo ezine-vibration ephezulu-ubhedu luhlala lubhejo olukhuselekileyo.

Ukuchasana nokuMhlwa kunye nokuMbona kokusiNgqongileyo

I-Corrosion yinkxalabo enkulu kwiindawo zeemoto. Iintambo ze-EV zihlala zisesichengeni:

• Ityuwa yokutshiza (ingakumbi kwimimandla yonxweme okanye yasebusika)

• Iikhemikhali zebhetri

• I-oyile, igrisi, kunye nentlaka yendlela

• Ukufuma kunye nokujiya

Ubhedu, ngelixa ingenakuzikhusela, inokumelana ne-corrosion egqwesileyo kwaye iifom aumaleko oxide okhuselayooko akuthinteli ukuqhuba. Ikwamelana ne-galvanic corrosion ngcono xa isetyenziswa kunye neetheminali ezihambelanayo kunye nezihlanganisi.

Aluminiyam, nangona kunjalo, kunjaloiyasebenza kakhulu. Umaleko wayo we-oxide awukho-conductive kwaye unako:

• Ukwandisa ukuxhathisa uqhagamshelwano

• Ibangela ukutshisa kakhulu kumalungu

• Kukhokelela ekungaphumelelini ekusebenziseni ixesha elide kwintsimi

Ukunciphisa oku, iintambo ze-aluminiyam zifuna:

• Iitheminali ezimelana neoksidi

• Iingubo ze-Anti-oxidation

• I-gas-tight crimping okanye i-ultrasonic welding

La manyathelo ongezelelweyo anyusa ubunzima kwimveliso kunye nenkonzo kodwa ayimfuneko ekusebenzeni okuthembekileyo.

Kwimekobume efumileyo, enomhlwa, okanye eselunxwemeni, ubhedu bonwabela ainzuzo ebalulekileyo yokuphila ixesha elide.

Ukwaluphala kwexesha elide kunye nezidingo zoLondolozo

Enye yezona zinto zingahoywayo kodwa ezibalulekileyo kuyilo lwentambo ye-EV yileukwaluphala ukuziphathaixesha elidlulele.

Iintambo zobhedu:

• Gcina ukusebenza kwe-15-20 iminyaka kunye nokuthotywa okuncinci.

• Ifuna ukulungiswa okuncinci ngaphaya kokuhlolwa okubonakalayo.

• Ngokuqhelekileyo ngaphezuluukusilela-ekhuselekileyokwi-thermal okanye ukulayisha kombane.

Iintambo zeAluminiyam:

• Isenokufuna uqwalaselo ngamaxesha athile okupheliswa kokurhubuluza, ukukhulula, okanye i-oxidation.

• Kufuneka ibekwe esweni ukuthembeka kwe-insulation ngenxa yokwanda kwebhayisekile eshushu.

• Zininziuvakalelo kwiimpazamo zofakelo, njengetorque engafanelekanga okanye ukungahambelani kwesihlanganisi.

Ngelixa i-aluminiyam isenokusebenza kuyoindawo ezilawulwayo, ezinoxinzelelo oluphantsi, ayikangqinelani neyobheduukuthembeka kwe-turnkey—esona sizathu sibalulekileyouninzi lweeOEM lusathanda ubhedu kwiindlela zentambo ezibaluleke kakhulu.

Uhlalutyo lweendleko: Izinto eziphathekayo, iMveliso, kunye neLifecycle

Amaxabiso ezinto ezikrwada kunye nokuguquguquka kweMarike

Enye yezona zinto zikhuthazayo zokuthathela ingqalelo ialuminiyam kwi-EV high-voltage cabling yiyoixabiso eliphantsi kakhuluxa kuthelekiswa nobhedu. Ngokwedatha yamva nje yentengiso yehlabathi:

• Amaxabiso obheduiguquguquka phakathi kwe-$8,000–$10,000 ngetoni nganye yokulinganisa.

• Amaxabiso eAluminiyamhlala kuluhlu lwee-$2,000–$2,500 ngetoni nganye yokulinganisa.

Oku kwenza i-aluminiyam ibe malunga70–80% itshiphu ngokobunzima, nto leyo eba yinto ebalulekileyo xa kunyuswa ukuya kutsho kumashumi amawaka ezithuthi. Kwi-EV eqhelekileyo efuna i-10-30 kg ye-high-voltage cable, iUgcino lweendleko zempahla ekrwada lungafikelela kumakhulu aliqela eedola ngesithuthi ngasinye.

Nangona kunjalo, le nzuzo iza ne-caveats:

• I-Aluminiyam idinga umthamo ongaphezulukwi-conductivity efanayo, okunciphisa ngokuyinxenye ubunzima kunye nenzuzo yexabiso.

• Ukuguquguquka kwexabisoichaphazela zombini iintsimbi. Ubhedu luphenjelelwa ngakumbi ngamandla kunye nemfuno ye-elektroniki, ngelixa i-aluminium ibotshelelwe kwiindleko zamandla kunye nemijikelo yemfuno yamashishini.

Ngaphandle kwezi zintlukwano,ialuminiyam ihlala iyimathiriyeli elungele uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali-into enomtsalane ngakumbi kuyoamacandelo e-EV angabizi kakhuluezinje ngeemoto ezikwinqanaba lokungena, iiveni zokuhambisa umbane, kunye neehybrids ezilungele uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali.

Iiyantlukwano zokuSebenza kunye nokuphelisa

Ngelixa i-aluminiyam inokuphumelela kumaxabiso ezinto ezikrwada, iyabonisaimingeni eyongezelelweyo yokuvelisaezichaphazela indleko-benefit equation:

• Unyango lomphezulukudla ngokufuneka ukuqinisekisa ukuhanjiswa okuzinzileyo.

• Iindlela ezichanekileyo zokuphelisa(umzekelo, i-ultrasonic welding, iicrimps eziyilwe ngokukodwa) ziyafuneka ukoyisa umqobo we-aluminiyam we-oxide wendalo.

• Ulungelelwaniso lomqhubi we-strandedzikhethwa, zongeza kubunzima bokuqhubekekisa.

Ubhedu, ngokuchaseneyo, kulula ukusetyenzwa kunye nokuphelisa ukusetyenziswaiindlela zemoto ezisemgangathweni. Ayifuni unyango olukhethekileyo lomphezulu kwaye iqhelekileoxolela ngakumbiyokwahluka kumandla okuthintela, ulungelelwaniso, okanye iimeko zokusingqongileyo.

Isiphumo? I-aluminiyam inokuba nexabiso eliphantsi ngekhilogram nganye, kodwa ubhedu lunokuba njaloIxabiso elithe kratya lofakelo ngalunye-ingakumbi xa ufaka phakathi:

• Iindleko zabasebenzi

• izixhobo

• Uqeqesho

• Umngcipheko wokungaphumeleli ngexesha lendibano

Oku kuchaza ukuba kutheni abaninzi abenzi beemotosebenzisa ubhedu kufakelo oluntsonkothileyo oluphezulu(njengeenjini ezixineneyo okanye iindawo ezishukumayo), kunyeialuminiyam ixesha elide, imitsi ethe tye(ezifana nebhetri-to-inverter links).

Iindleko zizonke zoBunini kuBomi beSithuthi

Xa ukhetha phakathi kobhedu kunye ne-aluminium, iinjineli ezicinga phambili kunye namaqela okuthenga avavanyaIindleko zizonke zobunini (TCO). Oku kuquka:

• Iindleko zokuqala kunye neendleko zokuvelisa

• Ukufakela kunye nokusebenza

• Ukugcinwa kunye nokulungiswa okunokwenzeka

• Iimpembelelo zokusebenza kwesithuthi (umzekelo, ukonga ubunzima okanye ilahleko yombane)

• Ukubuyisela kwakhona kunye nokubuyisela izinto eziphathekayo ekupheleni kobomi

Nalu uthelekiso olulula lweTCO:

Kwimeko,ubhedu luphumelela ukuthembeka kunye nokusebenza kwexesha elide, ngelixai-aluminiyam iphumelele kwiindleko zangaphambili kunye nokonga ubunzima. Ukukhetha phakathi kwezi zimbini kubandakanyaukulinganisa ukonga ixesha elifutshane ngokuchasene nokomelela kwexesha elide.

Ubunzima vs. URhwebo lokuSebenza

Impembelelo yobunzima kwi-EV Range kunye nokusebenza kakuhle

Kwizithuthi zombane, ubunzima buluhlu. Ikhilogram nganye eyongezelelweyo yobunzima ifuna amandla amaninzi ukuhamba, echaphazela:

• Ukusetyenziswa kwebhetri

• Ukukhawulezisa

• Ukusebenza kweBraking

• Ukunxiba kweTire kunye nokunqunyanyiswa

Iintambo zombane ophezulu zinokuphendula5 ukuya kwi-30 kgkuxhomekeke kwiklasi yesithuthi kunye nokwakhiwa kwebhetri. Ukutshintsha ukusuka kobhedu ukuya kwi-aluminiyam kunokunciphisa oku30–50%, eguqulela ku:

• 2–10 kg ekongeni, kuxhomekeke kuyilo lwentambo

• Ukuya kuthi ga kwi-1-2% yokuphucula kuluhlu lokuqhuba

• Ukomelezwa kokusebenza kwamandla kwi-braking yokuvuselela kunye nokukhawuleza

Oku kunokubonakala kuncinci, kodwa kwihlabathi le-EV, yonke ikhilomitha ibalulekile. Abenzi beemoto bahlala bekhangelaiinzuzo ezisezantsiekusebenzeni-kunye neentambo ze-aluminiyam ezilula ziyindlela eqinisekisiweyo yokufezekisa.

Umzekelo, ukunciphisa ubunzima bubonke besithuthi nge10 kginokongezaI-1-2 km yoluhlu-umahluko onentsingiselo kwii-EVs zasezidolophini kunye nezithuthi zokuhambisa.

Indlela iAluminiyam eKhala ngayo ichaphazela uYilo lweMoto

Izibonelelo zeentambo ze-aluminiyam ezikhaphukhaphu zidlula nje ukonga amandla. Bavumela:

• Uyilo lwepakethi yebhetri eguquguqukayo ngakumbingenxa yeeprofayili zomgangatho obhityileyo.

• Ukunciphisa uxinzelelo kwiinkqubo zokunqunyanyiswa, evumela ukuthungelana okuthambileyo okanye amalungu amancinane.

• Ukuhanjiswa kobunzima obuphuculweyo, okwandisa ukuphathwa kunye nokuzinza.

• Umlinganiselo osezantsi wobunzima besithuthi (GVWR), ukunceda izithuthi ukuba zihlale ngaphakathi kwimilinganiselo yobunzima obumiselweyo.

Kwizithuthi zorhwebo, ngakumbi iilori zombane kunye neeveni,ikhilogram nganye egcinwe kwiingcingo zangaphakathi inokuphinda yabelwe ukulayishwa, ukwandisa ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nenzuzo.

Kwii-EVs zezemidlalo,ukonga ubunzima kunokuphucula ukukhawuleza kwe-0–60, ikona, kunye nemvakalelo yokuqhuba iyonke.

Ngaba i-Conductivity Trade-Off iyayixabisa?

Lo ngundoqo wengxoxo-mpikiswano yobhedu vs aluminiyam.

Ukuqhuba kweAluminiyam kuphela61% leyo yobhedu, ke ukuthelekisa ukusebenza kobhedu,udinga i-1.6-1.8x enkulu ye-cross-section. Oko ikukuthi:

• Iintambo ezityebileyo, enokuba nzima ukuyihambisa

• Izinto ezininzi zebhatyi, ukunyuka kweendleko kunye nobunzima

• Uyilo lwetheminali enkulu, ifuna izihlanganisi ezikhethekileyo

Nangona kunjalo, ukuba uyilo luyakwazi ukuhambelana nolu rhwebo, i-aluminiyam inakounikeze ukusebenza okuthelekisayo ngexabiso eliphantsi kunye neendleko.

Isigqibo sixhomekeke:

• Izithintelo zesithuba

• Amanqanaba angoku

• Iimfuno zokuchithwa kwe-thermal

• Icandelo lemoto (ubunewunewu, uqoqosho, urhwebo)

Kwimeko:ukuba wakha i-sedan yodidi okanye imoto yezemidlalo-ubhedu lusalawula. Kodwa ukuba ufaka iingcingo ngeveni yokuhanjiswa edolophini okanye phakathi koluhlu lokuwela—ialuminiyam inokuba lolona bhejo lungcono.

Ukufakela kunye noYilo oluGuquguqukayo

UkuLula kwendlela kunye nokugoba iRadiyosi

Enye yezona zinto zixhalabisayo kubayili bezithuthi kunye namagcisa endibanoukuba iintambo zinokuhanjiswa ngokulula kangakananingokusebenzisa i-architecture yesithuthi. Isithuba sihlala sinqongophele kakhulu—ingakumbi kwitonela yebhetri, iipaseji zefirewall, kunye namagumbi emoto.

Ubheduineengenelo ezininzi ezicacileyo apha:

• I-ductility ephezulu kunye nokuguquguquka, ukuvumela ukugoba okuqinileyo ngaphandle kokubeka ingozi yokuphuka okanye ukukhathala.

• Amacandelo amancinci amancinci, ekulula ukuhamba ngeendlela ezimxinwa kunye nezihlanganisi.

• Iimpawu ezihambelanayo zoomatshini, okwenza kube lula ukubunjwa kwangaphambili okanye ukulungisa kwindawo ngexesha lokuvelisa.

Iintambo zobhedu zidla ngokuxhasa airadiyasi egobileyo encinci, evumela ukusetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo kwendawo-inzuzo ephambili kwiiplatifti ze-EV ezidibeneyo okanye iinqwelo zombane zebhetri (BEVs) apho ukwandisa i-cabin kunye nendawo yempahla kubalulekile.

Aluminiyam, kwelinye icala, yile:

• Uqina ngakumbi kumthamo olinganayo wangokungenxa yesidingo sedayamitha enkulu.

• Uvakalelo ngakumbi kuxinzelelo lokugoba, ukwandisa umngcipheko we-micro-fractures okanye ukukhathala kwexesha elide.

• Kunzima ukugoba izixhobo kwaye kunzima ukwenza kwangaphambili, ngakumbi kufakelo oluzenzekelayo.

Sekunjalo, ngobunjineli obucokisekileyo—njengeabaqhubi be-aluminiyam abanemisonto emininziokanye ukucwangciswa kwe-hybridi-intambo ze-aluminium ziyakwazi ukulungelelaniswa kwizakhiwo ezinzima. Nangona kunjalo, oku kuhlala kongeza ixesha loyilo kunye nobunzima.

Itekhnoloji yeSiqhagamshelo kunye noBuchule bokuDityana

Ukudibanisa iintambo zombane ophezulu ukuya kwii-terminals, busbar, okanye ezinye ii-conductors yenye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo zokhuseleko kwindibano ye-EV. Unxibelelwano olulambathayo lunokubangela ukuba:

• Ukwakhiwa kobushushu

• I-arcing yombane

• Ukonyuka kokumelana noqhagamshelwano

• Ukusilela kwenkqubo kwangaphambi kwexesha

I-Copper's conductivity kunye ne-stable surface chemistryyenze ilunge kakhulu kuluhlu olubanzi lweendlela zonxibelelwano:

• Ukuqhwala

• Ukusoda

• Ultrasonic welding

• Iitheminali ezibolted okanye ezicinezelayo

Iyabumbaukuchasana okuphantsi, okuhlala ixesha elidengaphandle kwemfuneko yokulungiselela umphezulu onzima. Uninzi lweziqhagamshelo zeentambo ze-EV ezisemgangathweni zenzelwe ubhedu, zenza indibano iqonde.

Aluminiyam, ngenxa yomaleko weoksidi kunye nokuthamba, ifuna:

• Ukupheliswa okukhethekileyo, rhoqo ngokurhaxwa kwegesi okanye ukukrolwa komhlaba

• Iitheminali ezinkulu okanye ezimile ngokwahlukileyo, ngenxa yeedamitha zentambo ezityebileyo

• Ii-sealants okanye i-corrosion inhibitors, ngakumbi kwiindawo ezifumileyo

Oku kwenza i-aluminiyamiplug-and-play encincikwaye ifuna ukuqinisekiswa okongeziweyo kobunjineli ngexesha lokudityaniswa. Nangona kunjalo, abanye ababoneleli beTier 1 ngoku bayabonelelai-aluminium-optimized connectors, ukunciphisa umsantsa kwi-manufacturability.

Impembelelo kuMsebenzi woMmandla weNdibano

Ukusuka kwimbono yemveliso,isekhondi ngalinye elongezelelweyo elichithwe kufakelo lwentamboichaphazela i-throughput yesithuthi, iindleko zabasebenzi, kunye nokusebenza kakuhle komgca wokuhlanganisa. Imiba efana nale:

• Ukuguquguquka kwentambo

• Ukulula ukuphelisa

• Ukuhambelana kwesixhobo

• Ukuphindaphinda kunye nezinga lokungaphumeleli

…dlala indima enkulu ekukhetheni imathiriyeli.

Iintambo zobhedu, kuba lula ukuphatha kunye nokuphelisa, vumela:

• Amaxesha ofakelo olukhawulezayo

• Uqeqesho oluncinci kunye neempazamo ezimbalwa

• Ukuphindaphinda okuphezulu kuzo zonke iiyunithi

Iintambo zeAluminiyam, ngelixa ilula kwaye inexabiso eliphantsi, ifuna:

• Ukhathalelo olongezelelweyo ngexesha lokuphatha kunye ne-crimping

• Izixhobo ezenziwe ngokwezifiso okanye iindlela zokusebenza

• Ixesha elide lokufakela kwiindibano ezinzima

Ii-OEM kunye nababoneleli kufuneka balinganise ukuba izinto ze-aluminiyam ziyongiwe naukodlula ukonyuka kobunzima kunye nexesha kumgangatho wemveliso. Kuyilo lwekhebula olulula okanye oluphindaphindwayo (njengezo zikwiibhasi ze-EV okanye iipakethi zebhetri eziqhelekileyo), i-aluminiyam inokusebenza ngokugqibeleleyo. Kodwa kwivolumu ephezulu, ii-EVs ezinzima,ubhedu ngokuqhelekileyo luphumelela kwimveliso.

Imigangatho yoShishino kunye nokuThotyelwa

I-ISO, i-SAE, kunye neMigangatho ye-LV yeeNcingo zeHV

Ukhuseleko kunye nokusebenzisana kubalulekile kwiinkqubo zeemoto. Yiyo loo nto iintambo zombane ophezulu—kungakhathaliseki ukuba zeziphi na izinto—kufuneka zihambelane nazoimigangatho yoshishino engqongqoye:

• Ukusebenza kombane

• Ukumelana nomlilo

• Ukuqina komatshini

• Ukomelela kokusingqongileyo

Imigangatho ephambili ibandakanya:

• ISO 6722 & ISO 19642: Ukugquma iintambo zombane kwizithuthi zendlela, kubandakanywa ubukhulu be-insulation, ukulinganisa umbane, ukumelana nobushushu, kunye nokudinwa kwe-flexural.

• I-SAE J1654 kunye ne-SAE J1128: Chaza iinkcukacha ze-high-voltage kunye ne-low-voltage primary cables kwizicelo zeemoto.

• I-LV216 kunye ne-LV112: Imigangatho yaseJamani yeenkqubo ze-cable high-voltage kwizithuthi zombane kunye ne-hybrid, ezigubungela yonke into ukusuka kuvavanyo lombane ukuya kwi-EMI shielding.

Zombini iintambo zobhedu kunye ne-aluminium zinokuhlangabezana nale migangatho-kodwaUyilo olusekwe kwi-aluminiyam kufuneka amaxesha amaninzi lwenziwe ukuqinisekiswa okongeziweyo, ngakumbi amandla okuphelisa kunye nokukhathala kwexesha elide.

Iingqwalasela zoLawulo lweCopper vs. Aluminiyam

Ehlabathini jikelele, amagunya okhuseleko lwezithuthi kunye nabalawuli bagxininisa ngakumbi:

• Umngcipheko wokubaleka ngokushushu

• Ukusasazwa komlilo ngokusebenzisa iingcingo

• Ukukhutshwa kwerhasi enetyhefu ekugqumeni okuvuthayo

• Ukusinda kwi-crash ye-high-voltage systems

Iintambo zobhedu, ngenxa ye-conductivity yazo ezinzileyo kunye nokuphathwa kokushisa okuphezulu, zivameukwenza ngcono kwiimvavanyo zokulawula umlilo kunye nomthwalo ogqithisileyo. Bahlala besisincomo esingagqibekanga seendawo ezibalulekileyo-njengeziqhagamshelo zebhetri kunye nombane wombane.

Nangona kunjalo, ngokufakwa okufanelekileyo kunye noyilo lokudibanisa,Iintambo ze-aluminiyam nazo zinokuhlangabezana nezi mfuno, ngakumbi kwiindlela zesibini ze-high-voltage. Amanye amaqumrhu alawulayo ayaqala ukuvumaaluminiyam njengenye indlela ekhuselekileyoxa yenziwe kakuhle, ngaphandle kokuba:

• Imingcipheko ye-oxidation iyathotywa

• Ukuqiniswa koomatshini kusetyenziswa

• Ukuncitshiswa kwe-thermal kusetyenziswa

Kwii-OEMs ezifuna isiqinisekiso sehlabathi (i-EU, i-US, i-China), ubhedu luhlala lusesona siqinisekisoindlela yokuxhathisa okuncinci-kodwa i-aluminium ifumana umhlaba njengoko idatha yokuqinisekisa iphucula.

UVavanyo loKhuseleko kunye neeProthokholi zokufaneleka

Ngaphambi kokuba nayiphi na intambo ingene kwimveliso, kufuneka ingeneibhetri yovavanyo lwesiqinisekiso, kuquka:

• Umothuko wobushushu kunye nokuhamba ngebhayisekile

• Ukungcangcazela kunye nokudinwa kwe-flex

• Ukusebenza kokhuselo lwe-EMC

• Ukulinganisa okufutshane kunye nomthwalo ogqithisiweyo

• Ukutsalwa kwe-Connector kunye nokumelana ne-torque

Iintambo zobhedu zithande ukubabaphumelele olu mvavanyo ngohlengahlengiso olungephi, ngenxa yeempawu zabo eziqinileyo zomzimba nezombane.

Iintambo ze-aluminium, kwelinye icala, zifunainkxaso eyongezelelweyo yoomatshini kunye neeprothokholi zokuvavanya, ngakumbi kumalungu kunye nokugoba. Oku kunokwandisa ixesha ukuya kwimarike ngaphandle kokuba i-OEM ineqabane lendibano yentambo ye-aluminium esele iphumelele.

Ezinye ii-OEM ziye zaphuhliswaiiplatifti zentambo zomqhubi wesibini, ukuvumela ukuba zombini iinketho zethusi kunye ne-aluminium ziphumelele i-suite yovavanyo olufanayo-ukunika ukuguquguquka ngaphandle kokuqinisekiswa ngokupheleleyo.

Izicelo kwiiPlatform ze-EV

IBattery Pack kuQhagamshelo lwe-Inverter

Enye yezona ndlela zinamandla kakhulu kwi-EV yiuqhagamshelwano phakathi kwepakethi yebhetri kunye ne-inverter. Eli khonkco le-voltage ephezulu kufuneka liphathe imithwalo yangoku ezinzileyo, izikhonkwane ezikhawulezayo ezidlulayo, kwaye zimelane nobushushu kunye nokuphazamiseka kombane.

Kwesi sicelo,ubhedu ludla ngokuba lukhetho olungagqibekangangenxa ye:

• I-conductivity ephezulu, ukunciphisa ukuhla kwamandla ombane kunye nokwakhiwa kobushushu.

• Ukuhambelana ngcono ukukhusela, ukuqinisekisa i-EMI encinci (ukuphazamiseka kombane).

• Indlela encinci, ibalulekile kwiinkqubo zebhetri ephantsi komntu.

Nangona kunjalo, kwizithuthi apho ukonga ubunzima kubaluleke kakhulu kunobumbano-njengeiibhasi zombane okanye iilori ezinzima-iinjineli ziya zihlola ngakumbialuminiyamkolu nxibelelwano. Ngokusebenzisa amacandelo amakhulu anqamlezayo kunye nokupheliswa okuphuculweyo, iintambo ze-aluminiyamu zinokunikezela ngokuthelekisa ukusebenza okuphetheyo ngoku.kubunzima obuphantsi kakhulu.

Iingqwalasela eziphambili xa usebenzisa i-aluminium kule ndawo ibandakanya:

• Iisistim zokudibanisa eziqhelekileyo

• Amanyathelo anamandla okuchasa umhlwa

• Imodeli eyongezelelweyo ye-thermal kunye nokukhusela

Ukudityaniswa kweNkqubo yeMoto kunye nokuTshaja

Injini yombane yenye indawo apho ukukhetha izinto zentambo kubaluleke kakhulu. Ezi ntambo:

• Sebenza kwiindawo zokungcangcazela okuphezulu

• Fumana ukugoba rhoqo ngexesha lokunyakaza

• Thatha ukugqabhuka okuphezulu kwangoku ngexesha lokukhawulezisa kunye ne-braking yokuvuselela

Ngenxa yezi mfuno,ubhedu luhlala luyinto ekhethwayokuqhagamshelo lweemoto. Yakho:

• Ukuqina koomatshini

• Ukumelana nokudinwa

• Ukusebenza okuzinzileyo phantsi kokuguqulwa okuphindaphindiweyo

…iyenza ilungele iimeko eziguqukayo, ezinoxinzelelo oluphezulu.

Kubauqhagamshelo lwenkqubo yokutshaja, ngakumbi abo bangaphakathiimimandla emileyo okanye esemi-mobile(njengamazibuko okutshaja okanye iziqhagamshelo eludongeni), ialuminiyam inokuqwalaselwa ngenxa:

• Ukunyakaza okuncinci kunye noxinzelelo lomatshini

• Unyamezelo olukhulu kwindlela yentambo ephezulu

• Uyilo lwenkqubo olujongana neendleko (umzekelo, iitshaja zasekhaya)

Ekugqibeleni, iindawo yofakelo kunye nomjikelo womsebenziIntambo iyalela ukuba i-copper okanye i-aluminiyam ifaneleke ngcono.

Iimeko zokusetyenziswa kwe-Hybrid kunye ne-EV ecocekileyo

In iimoto zombane ezixutyiweyo (HEVs)kwayeiplug-in hybrids (PHEVs), ubunzima buyinto ebalulekileyo ngenxa yobukho beenjini zokutsha zangaphakathi kunye neenkqubo zebhetri. Apha,iintambo ze-aluminiyam zinika inzuzo ebalulekileyo yobunzima, ngakumbi i:

• Iindlela zebhetri ukuya kwitshaja

• I-Chassis-inyuswe kwi-high-voltage uxhumano

• Iilophu zesibini ezinevoltage ephezulu (umzekelo, izifudumezi zombane ezincedisayo, umoya womoya wombane)

Kwelinye icala, kwiiimoto zombane ezisulungekileyo ngebhetri (BEVs)-ingakumbi iprimiyamu okanye imodeli yokusebenza-ii-OEMs zijonge ngakuyoubhedukwayo:

• Ukuthembeka

• Ulawulo lobushushu

• Uyilo olulula

Oko kwathiwa, ezinye ze-BEV-ingakumbi ezo zikwindawouhlahlo lwabiwo-mali okanye amacandelo ezithuthi- ngoku ziyadibanisaizicwangciso ze-hybrid zethusi-aluminiyam, usebenzisa:

• Ubhedu kwiindawo eziphakamileyo-flex

• I-Aluminiyam kumacandelo amade, anomgca

Le ndlela yokuxuba izinto eziphathekayo inceda ukulinganiselaixabiso, ukusebenza, kunye nokhuseleko-Inikezela ngezona zizwe zibalaseleyo xa ziphunyezwe ngokuchanekileyo.

Uzinzo kunye neNgqwalasela yokuRisayikilishwa

Impembelelo yokusiNgqongileyo yoMgodi weCopper vs. Ukuveliswa kweAluminiyam

Uzinzo luyintsika engundoqo yoshishino lwe-EV, kunye nokukhethwa kwezinto zekhebula kuneempembelelo ezithe ngqo kwimpembelelo yokusingqongileyo.

Ukwembiwa kobheduyi:

• Amandla ngamandla

• Idityaniswe nezinto ezibalulekileyoungcoliseko lomhlaba namanzi

• Kugxilwe kakhulu kwiindawo ezinobundlobongela bezopolitiko (umzekelo, eChile, eCongo)

Ukuveliswa kweAluminiyam, ngakumbi ukusebenzisa ubuchule bale mihla, kunokuba:

• Ingonakalisi kancinci kokusingqongileyo—xa inikwe amandla ngombane ohlaziyekayo

• Yenziwe ukusukaimithombo ye-bauxite eninzi

• Ukwahluka kakhulu ngokwejografi, ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokubonelelwa ngokwelizwe

Oko kwatsho,ukunyibilikiswa kwe-aluminiyam yesintu kukunyibilikiswa kwekhabhoni ngamandla, kodwa intuthuko entsha ngaphakathiimveliso ye-aluminium eluhlaza(umzekelo, ukusebenzisa i-hydro okanye amandla elanga) zinciphisa ngokukhawuleza indawo yazo.

Ukusebenziseka kwakhona kunye neXabiso lokuphela koBomi

Zombini ubhedu kunye ne-aluminiyam ziphinda zisetyenziswe kwakhona-kodwa zahlukile:

• Ukukhululeka kokuhlukana kwi-insulation

• Ixabiso lezoqoqosho kwiimarike ezilahliweyo

• Iziseko ezingundoqo zokuqokelelwa kunye nokulungiswa kwakhona

Ubheduibamba ixabiso eliphezulu le-scrap, iyenza ibe nomtsalane ngakumbi ukuchacha kwaye isetyenziswe kwakhona. Nangona kunjalo:

• Ifuna okungakumbiamandla okunyibilikisa nokucoca

• Kusenokungabi lula ukufunyanwa kwiimveliso ezinexabiso eliphantsi

Aluminiyam, nangona iphantsi kwixabiso lokuthengisa, kulula ukuphatha umthamo kunyeifuna kuphela i-5% yamandlaukurisayikilisha xa kuthelekiswa nemveliso yayo yokuqala.

Ii-OEMs kunye nabanikezeli bekhebula bagxileizicwangciso zoqoqosho ezijikelezayobahlala bejonga ialuminiyam ngaphezuluscalable kwaye ngempumelelokwiinkqubo zokurisayikilisha ezivaliweyo.

UQoqosho lweSetyhula kunye nokuBuyiswa kwezinto

Njengoko ishishini le-EV likhula, iingqwalasela zokuphela kobomi zifumana ukuvelela. Abavelisi bee-auto kunye nabahlaziyi bebhetri ngoku baphuhlisa iinkqubo ezinokuthi:

• Landela kwaye ubuyise imathiriyeli yesithuthi

• Yahlula kwaye uhlambulule iintsimbi zomqhubi

• Sebenzisa kwakhona imathiriyeli kwizithuthi ezitsha okanye kwizicelo

IAluminiyam iziboleka kakuhle kule nkqubo ngenxa yokuba:

• Isithuthi esikhulu esikhaphukhaphu

• I-chemistry elula yokuhlaziya

• Ukuhambelana neenkqubo ezizenzekelayo zokuqhawula

Ubhedu, ngelixa lubalulekile, lufuna ukuphathwa okukhethekileyo ngakumbi kwaye kunjaloixhaphake ukudityaniswakwiinkqubo ezilungelelanisiweyo zokurisayikilisha iimoto-nangona oku kuyaphucuka ngentsebenziswano entsha yoshishino.

Kwixesha elizayo amaqonga isithuthi eyilwe nge"uyilo lokuqhaqha"imigaqo,iintambo ze-aluminiyam zinokudlala indima enkulu kwiimodeli zokurisayikilisha ezivaliweyo.

Iindlela kunye noTshintsho kwiTekhnoloji yeConductor

Izinto eziDityanisiweyo kunye nezambatho (umz., CCA)

Ukuvala umsantsa wokusebenza phakathi kobhedu kunye ne-aluminiyam, iinjineli kunye nezazinzulu zezinto ziyaphuhlaabaqhubi bemixube-oyena ubalaseleyoI-Aluminiyam ye-Copper-Clad (CCA).

Iintambo zeCCA zidibanisaconductivity kunye nokuthembeka komphezulu wobheduneizibonelelo ezikhaphukhaphu kunye nezonga iindleko ze-aluminium. Ezi khondaktha zenziwa ngokudibanisa umaleko obhityileyo wobhedu kumbindi we-aluminiyam.

Izibonelelo zeCCA ziquka:

• I-conductivity ephuculweyophezu kwe-aluminiyam ecocekileyo

• Ukunciphisa imiba ye-oxidationkwiindawo zoqhagamshelwano

• Iindleko eziphantsi kunye nobunzimaxa kuthelekiswa nobhedu oluqinileyo

• Ukuhambelana kakuhle kunye nobuchule obuqhelekileyo be-crimping kunye ne-welding

I-CCA sele isetyenziswa kwiiaudio, unxibelelwano, kunye neentambo ezithile zeemoto, kwaye iya iphononongwa ngakumbi kwi-EV high-voltage applications. Nangona kunjalo, impumelelo yayo ixhomekeke koku:

• Ukunyaniseka kobudlelwane(ukunqanda ukudelela)

• Umgangatho wokugquma umphezulu

• Imodeli ye-thermal echanekileyoukuqinisekisa ubomi obude phantsi komthwalo

Njengoko iteknoloji iphucula, iCCA inokuvela njengeisisombululo somqhubi ophakathi, ngokukodwa kwi-medium-current applications kwiisekethe ze-EV zesekondari.

Ii-alloys eziPhezulu kunye nee-Nanostructured Conductor

Ngaphandle kobhedu lwendabuko kunye ne-aluminium, abanye abaphandi bayahlolaabaqhubi besizukulwana esilandelayongombane ophuculweyo, i-thermal, kunye neempawu zoomatshini:

• Iingxube zeAluminiyamngamandla aphuculweyo kunye ne-conductivity (umz. 8000-series conductors)

• Ubhedu olubunjiweyo, enikezela ukwanda kwamandla okuphatha ngoku kunye nobunzima obuphantsi

• Iipolima ezifakwe kwigraphene, isekwi-R&D yokuqala kodwa ithembisa nge-ultra-lightweight conduction

Ezi mathiriyeli zijonge ukunikezela:

• Idayamitha yentambo encitshisiweyo ngaphandle kokuphazamisa amandla

• Ukuzinza okukhulu kwe-thermal kwiinkqubo zokutshaja ngokukhawuleza

• Ubomi obuguquguqukayo obuphuculweyo kwiindlela zentambo eziguqukayo

Ngelixa ingekabikho kwizicelo ze-EV ngenxa yeendleko kunye nemingeni yokulinganisa, ezi zixhoboimele ikamva loyilo lwentambo yemoto-ingakumbi njengoko iimfuno zamandla kunye neemfuno zokupakisha ezihlangeneyo ziqhubeka nokunyuka.

Umbono wexesha elizayo: Ikhaphukhaphu, iKhusekile, iiCables ze-EV ezikrelekrele

Ukujonga phambili, isizukulwana esilandelayo seentambo ze-EV ziya kuba:

• Bukrelekrele, kunye neenzwa ezidibeneyo zokubeka iliso kwiqondo lokushisa, okwangoku, kunye noxinzelelo lomatshini

• Ikhuselekile, ngokuzicima kunye ne-halogen-free insulation

• Ikhaphukhaphu, ngokwenziwa kwezinto ezintsha kunye neendlela eziphuculweyo

• Iimodyuli ezingakumbi, eyenzelwe ukukhawuleza, i-plug-and-play indibano kwiiplatifti ze-EV eziguquguqukayo

Kolu tshintsho, ubhedu kunye ne-aluminiyam ziya kuhlala zilawula, kodwa ziya kuba njaloidityanisiwe kwaye yandiswangoyilo oluxubileyo oluphambili, izixhobo ezikrelekrele, kunye neenkqubo zocingo ezidityanisiweyo zedatha.

Abavelisi be-Automakers baya kukhetha izixhobo zentambo ezisekelwe kungekuphela nje kwi-conductivity, kodwa nakwi:

• Injongo yesithuthi (ukusebenza ngokuchasene noqoqosho)

• Iinjongo zozinzo lweLifecycle

• Uyilo lokuphinda usetyenziswe kunye nokuthotyelwa kwemithetho

Lo mhlaba uguqukayo wenza ukuba kubaluleke kubaphuhlisi be-EV ukubahlala ulungile kwaye uqhutywa yidathaekukhetheni kwabo izinto eziphathekayo, ukuqinisekisa ukuba bahambelana neemfuno zangoku kunye neemephu zendlela zexesha elizayo.

Ingcaphephe kunye neembono OEM

Zithini iiNjineli malunga noRhwebo lokuSebenza

Udliwano-ndlebe kunye nophando kunye neenjineli ze-EV ziveza umbono ongephi:

• Ubhedu luthenjwa: Iinjineli zikhankanya ukusebenza kwazo okungaguqukiyo, ukulula kokudityaniswa, kunye nerekhodi eqinisekisiweyo.

• I-Aluminiyam icwangciswe ngobuchule: Ithandwa kakhulu kwiintambo ezinde, ulwakhiwo-mali oluqaphelayo, kunye nee-EVs zorhwebo.

• I-CCA iyathembisa: Ijongwa njengeyona “yeyona hlabathi libalaseleyo,” nangona abaninzi besahlola ukuthembeka kwexesha elide.

Uninzi lweenjineli ziyavuma:eyona nto ingcono ixhomekeke kwisicelo, kwayeakukho mpendulo ilingana nenyeikhona.

Okukhethwayo kwe-OEM nguMmandla kunye neKlasi yeZithuthi

Ukhetho lwengingqi lunefuthe ekusetyenzisweni kwezinto:

• IYurophu: Ibeka phambili ukubuyiswa kwakhona kunye nokhuseleko lomlilo-ukuthanda ubhedu kwiimoto ze-premium kunye ne-aluminium kwiimoto ezilula okanye kwiimoto zoqoqosho.

• amantla Emelika: Amacandelo agxininise ekusebenzeni (njengee-pickup zombane kunye neeSUVs) angqiyame kubhedu ukomelela.

• EAsia: Ngokukodwa i-China, iye yamkela i-aluminium kwi-EVs yebhajethi ukunciphisa iindleko zokuvelisa kunye nokuphucula ukufikelela kwiimarike.

Ngokomgangatho wesithuthi:

• Ii-EVs eziNtofontofo: Ubukhulu becala lubhedu

• Ii-EV ezihlangeneyo nezisezidolophini: Ukwandisa ukusetyenziswa kwe-aluminiyam

• Ii-EVs zoRhwebo kunye neenqanawa: Izicwangciso ezixubeneyo, ngokukhula kokwamkelwa kwe-aluminium

Le yantlukwano ibonisaIndalo eguquguqukayo emininzi yokukhethwa kwezinto zentambo ye-EV, ilungiswe yindleko, umgaqo-nkqubo, ulindelo lwabathengi, kunye nokuvuthwa kwemveliso.

Idatha yeMakethi kunye neeNdlela zoKwamkela

Idatha yakutsha nje icebisa:

• Ubhedu lusalawula, isetyenziswe malunga ne-70-80% yee-eV ze-high-voltage cable assemblies.

• IAluminiyam iyakhula, kunye ne-CAGR engaphezulu kwe-15% kwizicelo ze-EV, ngakumbi e-China nakwi-Southeast Asia.

• CCA kunye neentambo hybridbakwinqanaba lokulinga okanye lokuthengisa ngaphambili kodwa bafumana inzala kubaboneleli beTier 1 kunye neeOEM zebhetri.

Njengoko amaxabiso ezinto ezikrwada eguquguquka kwaye uyilo lwe-EV luyavela,izigqibo eziphathekayo ziya kuba namandla ngakumbi-ngokumodareyitha kunye nokuziqhelanisa nokuthatha indawo esembindini.

Isiphelo: Ukukhetha uMathiriyeli oLungileyo kwiSicelo esiLungileyo

Isishwankathelo seePros and Cons

Ukuthelekisa iMathiriyeli neNjongo zokuYila

Ukukhetha phakathi kobhedu kunye ne-aluminiyam ayisosigqibo sesibini-sisicwangciso-qhinga. Iinjineli kufuneka zilinganise:

• Iimfuno zokusebenza

• Iithagethi zobunzima

• Imiqobo yohlahlo lwabiwo-mali

• Ubunzima beNdibano

• Ukuthembeka kwexesha elide

Ngamanye amaxesha, eyona ndlela ilungileyo yi-aisisombululo esidibeneyo, usebenzisa ubhedu apho kubaluleke kakhulu, kunye ne-aluminiyam apho inikezela ngobuchule obukhulu.

Isigwebo sokugqibela: Ngaba kukho ophumeleleyo ocacileyo?

Akukho mpendulo yobukhulu obunye-kodwa nanku umgaqo osisikhokelo:

• Khetha ubhedu kwindawo ekhuselekileyo yokhuseleko, i-high-flex, imimandla yangoku.

• Khetha i-aluminiyam kumgama omde, ubuthathaka, okanye uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali olulinganiselwe.

Njengoko itekhnoloji iguquka kwaye izinto ezixutyiweyo zikhula, imigca iya kuba mnyama-kodwa okwangoku, ukhetho olufanelekileyo luxhomekekeyintoni ekufuneka yenziwe yi-EV yakho, phi, kwaye ixesha elingakanani.

Ii-FAQs

I-Q1: Kutheni i-aluminium ithandwa kwiintambo ze-EV?
I-Aluminiyam inika ubunzima obubalulekileyo kunye nokugcinwa kweendleko. Ngobunjineli obufanelekileyo, inokuhlangabezana neemfuno zokusebenza kwezicelo ezininzi ze-EV.

I-Q2: Ngaba iintambo zobhedu zisengcono kwizicelo eziphezulu zangoku?
Ewe. Ukuqhuba okuphezulu kweCopper kunye nokumelana nobushushu kuyenza ilungele indawo yangoku, enoxinzelelo oluphezulu njengeemoto kunye neetshaja ezikhawulezayo.

I-Q3: Ngaba i-aluminium inokufanisa ukhuseleko lobhedu kunye nokuphila ixesha elide?
Inokuthi kwi-static, i-low-flex applications-ingakumbi ngokupheliswa okufanelekileyo, iingubo kunye nokugquma. Nangona kunjalo, ubhedu lusasebenza ngokugqithisileyo kwiindawo eziguqukayo.

I-Q4: Ukugcinwa kobunzima kwi-aluminium kuchaphazela njani uluhlu lwe-EV?
Iintambo ezilula zinciphisa ubunzima bezithuthi zibonke, ezinokuthi ziphucule uluhlu nge-1-2%. Kwii-EVs zorhwebo, obu bunzima bunokwabiwa kwakhona ukuze kuhlawulwe.

I-Q5: Ziziphi ii-OEMs ezisebenzisayo kumaqonga azo e-EV amva nje?
Ii-OEM ezininzi zisebenzisa indlela exutyiweyo: ubhedu kwiindawo ezibaluleke kakhulu, ezinoxinzelelo oluphezulu kunye ne-aluminiyam kwintambo yesibini okanye ende ibaleka ukongeza iindleko kunye nobunzima.