Iikheyibhile zoFakelo loMbane wasekhaya: Isikhokelo esipheleleyo

1. Intshayelelo

Umbane yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yobomi banamhlanje, unika amandla yonke into ukusuka kwizibane kunye nezixhobo zombane ukuya kwizifudumezi kunye ne-air conditioning. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba iinkqubo zombane azifakwanga ngokuchanekileyo, zinokubangela imingcipheko enzulu, efana nomlilo kunye nokutshitshiswa kombane. Ukukhetha uhlobo oluchanekileyo lwentambo yofakelo lombane lwasekhaya lubalulekile kukhuseleko nokusebenza kakuhle. Esi sikhokelo siya kuchaza iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeentambo zombane ezisetyenziswa kumakhaya, ubukhulu bazo, iinkxalabo zokhuseleko, kunye neengcebiso zokugcina umbane okhuselekileyo.

2. Iintlobo zeeCables zoMbane zoFakelo lwasekhaya

Kwikhaya, umbane usasazwa ngeentambo zombane ezidibanisa ibhokisi yenkonzo kwiisekethe ezahlukeneyo. Ezi ntambo ziyahluka ngobukhulu kunye nohlobo ngokuxhomekeke kumsebenzi wazo. Ezinye iintlobo eziqhelekileyo ziquka:

• Iintambo zoMbane:Isetyenziselwa ukubonelela ngombane ngokubanzi kwiisokethi kunye nezixhobo zombane.
• Iintambo zokukhanyisa:Yenzelwe ngokukodwa ukunika amandla izibane zokukhanya.
• Iikheyibhile zokuthoba:Zibalulekile kukhuseleko, ezi ntambo zinceda ekuthinteleni ukothuka kombane ngokunika indlela yombane olahlekileyo.
• iiCables Flexible:Isetyenziselwa ukudibanisa kwizixhobo ezifuna ukuhamba, ezifana noomatshini bokuhlamba okanye iifriji.

3. Ukukhetha iCandelo leCable eLungileyo kuMakhaya

Ubungakanani bentambo yombane, eyaziwa ngokuba licandelo okanye igeyiji yayo, bumisela ukuba ingakanani intambo enokuhamba nayo. Izixhobo zasekhaya ezahlukeneyo kunye nezixhobo zifuna iisayizi ezahlukeneyo zentambo:

• Iiyunithi zokupholisa umoya kunye nee-oveni zifuna iintambo ezityebileyo kuba zisebenzisa umbane omninzi.
• Izixhobo ezincinci ezifana nezibane kunye neetshaja zefowuni eziphathwayo zifuna iintambo ezincinci.

Ukusebenzisa isayizi yekhebula engalunganga kunokukhokelela ekushiseni kunye neengozi zomlilo, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukukhetha echanekileyo ngokusekelwe kwiimfuno zamandla zesekethe.

4. IiCables ezicetyiswayo zoFakelo lwaseKhaya

Olunye lolona khetho lulungileyo lofakelo lombane ekhaya yiWinpower H05V-K kunye neentambo ze-H07V-K. Ezi ntambo zibonelela:

• Ukuguquguquka okuphezulu:Yenza ukufakela kube lula, ngakumbi kwiindawo ezixineneyo.
• Ukuqina:Ukumelana nokugoba kunye nokunxiba.
• ukuPakisha okuhambelana nendalo:Inikwe ngeebhokisi zekhadibhodi eziziimitha ezili-100 okanye ezingama-200 ezisetyenzisiweyo.
• Ukufakwa kweekhowudi ngombala:Imibala eyahlukileyo ibonisa amacandelo ekhebula ahlukeneyo, okwenza ukuchonga kube lula.

5. Umbala weKhowudi yeeCables zoMbane ngokweMigangatho

Iintambo zombane kufuneka zihambelane nemigangatho yokhuseleko lwamazwe ngamazwe njengeI-UNE-EN 50525, i-IEC 60227, kunye ne-CPR (uLawulo lweMveliso yoKwakha). Imibala eyahlukeneyo isetyenziselwa ukwahlula phakathi kweentlobo zeengcingo:

• Iingcingo ezibukhoma:Umdaka, omnyama, okanye obomvu (phatha umbane ukusuka kumthombo wamandla)
• iiNcingo eziNgephakathi:Blue okanye ngwevu (buyisela okwangoku kumthombo wamandla)
• IiNcingo eziGround:Mthubi-luhlaza (bonelela ngendlela yokhuseleko yombane)

Ukulandela le migangatho yemibala kuqinisekisa ukuhambelana kunye nokhuseleko kufakelo lombane.

6.IGauge yoMbane yoMbane yoFakelo lwaseKhaya

Ukukhetha i-diameter yentambo echanekileyo kuqinisekisa ukuhanjiswa okukhuselekileyo kombane. Nazi iisayizi zentambo ezicetyiswayo kwizicelo eziqhelekileyo zasekhaya:

• 1.5 mm²– Isetyenziselwa ukukhanyisa iisekethe.
• 2.5 mm²-Ilungele ukusetyenziswa ngokubanzi, amagumbi okuhlambela kunye namakhitshi.
• 4 mm²-Isetyenziselwa izixhobo ezinzima ezifana noomatshini bokuhlamba, ezomisi, kunye nezifudumezi zamanzi.
• 6 mm²-Iyafuneka kwizixhobo ezinamandla aphezulu njengee-oveni, ii-air conditioners, kunye neenkqubo zokufudumeza.

Ukuba ubungakanani bocingo obungalunganga busetyenzisiweyo, bunokubangela ubushushu obugqithisileyo, kwandisa umngcipheko womlilo.

7. Iinkxalabo zoKhuseleko loMbane kunye neengozi

Iingozi zombane emakhayeni zinokubangela ukwenzakala, imililo, kwanokubulala. Ezona zizathu zixhaphakileyo zeengozi zombane ziquka:

• Iisekethe ezigcwele kakhulu-Izixhobo ezininzi ezifakwe kwisekethe enye zinokutshisa kakhulu iingcingo.
• Ukugquma okugugileyo-Iintambo ezindala okanye ezonakalisiweyo zinokuveza iingcingo eziphilileyo, ezikhokelela ekuphazamisekeni okanye kwiisekethe ezimfutshane.
• Ukunqongophala komhlaba- Ngaphandle kokumisa okufanelekileyo, umbane unokuhamba ngokungalindelekanga, ukwandisa umngcipheko wokutshatyalaliswa kwe-electrocution.

Umzekelo: uKhuseleko loMbane kwiYurophu iphela

Amazwe amaninzi aseYurophu achaze imingcipheko ephezulu eyayanyaniswa nofakelo lombane olungakhuselekanga ekhaya:

• Speyin:Urekhoda umlilo wombane we-7,300 ngonyaka, obangela i-€ 100 yezigidi kumonakalo. Amakhaya azizigidi ezili-14 abonwa njengengakhuselekanga ngenxa yeentambo ezindala.
• Fransi:Unyanzelisa inkqubo yokuhlola eyi-10 yeminyaka eyi-10, inceda ukukhusela imililo yombane.
• Jemani:Iipesenti ezingama-30 zemililo ezindlwini zibangelwa ziimpazamo zombane, amaxesha amaninzi kumakhaya amadala angenazo iimpawu zokhuseleko lwale mihla.
• EBelgium naseNetherlands:Funa ukuhlolwa kombane xa uthengisa okanye urenta amakhaya ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lweengcingo.
• ElamaTaliyane:Iingxelo zemililo yombane engama-25,000 ngonyaka, ubukhulu becala obubangelwa ziintambo eziphelelwe lixesha.
• Swizalend:Imithetho yelizwe engqongqo inyanzelisa uhlolo lombane lwesiqhelo.
• Amazwe aseScandinavia (eDenmark, eSweden, eNorway):Funa iintambo ezikwaziyo ukumelana nomlilo kunye nokutshekishwa kwenkqubo yombane wasekhaya ngamaxesha athile.

8. Iingcebiso zoKhuseleko loMbane kunye noLondolozo

Ukunciphisa umngcipheko wombane, iingcali zincoma la manyathelo okhuseleko alandelayo:

• Uhlolo lwarhoqo:Iinkqubo zombane kufuneka zijongwe ngamaxesha athile, ngakumbi kumakhaya amadala.
• Sukugcwala Ngokugqithisileyo kwiiSekethe:Kuphephe ukuplaga izixhobo ezininzi kwindawo enye.
• Khupha Izixhobo zombane xa zingasetyenziswa:Ithintela ukusetyenziswa kwamandla ngokungeyomfuneko kunye nokushisa okugqithisileyo.
• Sebenzisa ubungakanani beCable eLungileyo:Uqinisekisa ukuhanjiswa okukhuselekileyo kombane ngaphandle kokufudumeza.
• Faka IZixhobo Zangoku Ezishiyekileyo (RCDs):Ezi zitshixo zokhuseleko zicima umbane ukuba zibhaqa ukuvuza okukhoyo.

9. Isiphelo

Ukusebenzisa iintambo zombane ezichanekileyo kunye nokugcina ukufakelwa kombane ekhaya ngokufanelekileyo kunokuthintela iingozi eziyingozi kunye nemililo. Ngokulandela imigangatho yokhuseleko, ukwenza uhlolo rhoqo, kunye nokusebenzisa iintambo ezikumgangatho ophezulu ezifanaWinpower H05V-K kunye ne-H07V-K, abaninimzi banokwenza inkqubo yombane ekhuselekileyo nethembekileyo. Ukugcinwa rhoqo kunye nokusetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo ngundoqo ekuqinisekiseni ukhuseleko lombane kwikhaya ngalinye.